Metam sodium

Metam sodium[1]
Ball-and-stick model of the component ions of metham sodium
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Sodium methylcarbamodithioate
Other names
Metham sodium
Carbathion
Carbathione
Carbothion
Metamsodium
Metam-sodium
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.004.812
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PubChem CID
UNII
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C2H5NS2.Na/c1-3-2(4)5;/h1H3,(H2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 checkY
    Key: AFCCDDWKHLHPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
SMILES
  • [Na+].[S-]C(=S)NC
Properties
Chemical formula
 C2H4NNaS2
Molar mass 129.18 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Metam sodium is an organosulfur compound (formally a dithiocarbamate), which is used as a soil fumigant, pesticide, herbicide, and fungicide. It is one of the most widely used pesticides in the United States, with approximately 60 million pounds used in 2001.[2]

Metam sodium can be prepared from methylamine, carbon disulfide, and sodium hydroxide; or from methyl isothiocyanate and sodium thiolate.[1]

Upon exposure to the environment, metam sodium decomposes to form methyl isothiocyanate.[3]

Metam sodium is a documented cause of reactive airways dysfunction syndrome.

In 1991 a tank car with 19,000 gallons of metam sodium spilled into Sacramento River above Lake Shasta. This killed all fish in a 41-mile stretch of the river. By 20 years later the rainbow trout population had recovered.[4]

See also

  • Zineb - A related dithiocarbamate salt which is also used as a fungicide

References

  1. 1 2 Merck Index, 11th Edition, 5860.
  2. ↑ 2000-2001 Pesticide Market Estimates Archived 2009-02-07 at the Wayback Machine, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  3. ↑ Review of Metam Sodium, Dazomet, Methylisothiocyanate (MITC), Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, June 1997
  4. ↑ "Largest chemical spill in California history". dtsc.ca.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
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