Miliolida

Miliolida
Temporal range: Carboniferous - Recent
Quinqueloculina sp. from Donegal Bay, Ireland.
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
(unranked):
SAR
(unranked):
Rhizaria
Phylum:
Retaria
Subphylum:
Foraminifera
Class:
Tubothalamea
Order:
Miliolida
Superfamilies
  • Alveolinoidea Ehrenberg, 1839
  • Cornuspiroidea Schultze, 1854 nom. transl. Bogdanovich in Subbotina et al., 1981
  • Milioloidea Ehrenberg, 1839
  • Nubecularioidea
  • Soritoidea Ehrenberg, 1839
  • Squamulinoidea Reuss & Fritsch, 1861[1]

The Miliolida are an order of foraminifera with calcareous, porcelacous tests that are imperforate and commonly have a pseudochitinous lining.[2] Tests are composed of randomly oriented calcite needles that have a high proportion of magnesium along with organic material. Tests lack pores and generally have multiple chambers.

Miliolids, which range from the Carboniferous to recent, are benthic Foraminifera abundant in shallow waters such as in estuaries and along coastlines, though they also include deepwater oceanic forms.[3]

The order Miliolida, sometimes referred to as a suborder, the Miliolina, is divided on the basis of differences in test morphology into five recognized superfamilies.

References

  1. ↑ "Miliolina". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2018-12-04.
  2. ↑ Loeblich, Alfred R.; Tappan, Helen (1964). Moore, R.C. (ed.). Protista 2: Sarcodina Chiefly "Thecamoebians" and Foraminiferida. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. C (5th ed.). Geological Society of America. pp. 436–510a. ISBN 978-0-8137-3003-5.
  3. ↑ Omaña, L.; Alencaster, G.; Buitrón, B.E. (2016). "Mid-early late Albian foraminiferal assemblage from the El Abra Formation in the El Madroño locality, eastern Valles–San Luis Potosí Platform, Mexico: Paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographical significance" (PDF). Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 68 (3): 477–492. doi:10.18268/BSGM2016v68n3a6.


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