Dental alveolus

Dental alveolus
Alveola of the second premolar tooth in a bovine maxillary bone
Details
ArteryAnterior superior alveolar arteries, Posterior superior alveolar artery, Inferior alveolar artery
NerveAnterior superior alveolar nerve, Posterior superior alveolar nerve, Inferior alveolar nerve
Identifiers
Latinalveolus dentalis
MeSHD020390
TA98A05.1.03.074
A03.1.03.008
TA2793, 854
FMA57490
Anatomical terminology
Alveolar process of maxilla, seen from below

Dental alveoli (singular alveolus) are sockets in the jaws in which the roots of teeth are held in the alveolar process with the periodontal ligament. The lay term for dental alveoli is tooth sockets. A joint that connects the roots of the teeth and the alveolus is called gomphosis (plural gomphoses). Alveolar bone is the bone that surrounds the roots of the teeth forming bone sockets.

In mammals, tooth sockets are found in the maxilla, the premaxilla, and the mandible.

Etymology

1706, "a hollow," especially "the socket of a tooth," from Latin alveolus "a tray, trough, basin; bed of a small river; small hollow or cavity," diminutive of alvus "belly, stomach, paunch, bowels; hold of a ship," from PIE root *aulo- "hole, cavity" (source also of Greek aulos "flute, tube, pipe;" Serbo-Croatian, Polish, Russian ulica "street," originally "narrow opening;" Old Church Slavonic uliji, Lithuanian aulys "beehive" (hollow trunk), Armenian yli "pregnant"). The word was extended in 19c. anatomy to other small pits, sockets, or cells.

Socket preservation

Socket preservation or alveolar ridge preservation (ARP)[1] is a procedure to reduce bone loss after tooth extraction to preserve the dental alveolus (tooth socket) in the alveolar bone. A platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)[2] membrane containing bone growth enhancing elements can be stitched over the wound or a graft material or scaffold is placed in the socket of an extracted tooth.[3][4] The socket is then directly closed with stitches or covered with a non-resorbable or resorbable membrane and sutured.[5]

Pathology

The swelling of the dental alveoli can result in alveolitis, causing pain and discomfort to the mouth.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Peck, Mogammad Thabit; Marnewick, Johan; Stephen, Lawrence (2011). "Alveolar Ridge Preservation Using Leukocyte and Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Report of a Case". Case Reports in Dentistry. 2011: 1–5. doi:10.1155/2011/345048. ISSN 2090-6447. PMC 3335652. PMID 22567435.
  2. ↑ Khiste, Sujeet Vinayak; Naik Tari, Ritam (2013). "Platelet-Rich Fibrin as a Biofuel for Tissue Regeneration". ISRN Biomaterials. 2013: 1–6. doi:10.5402/2013/627367. ISSN 2314-4025.
  3. ↑ Tassos Irinakis, Rationale for Socket Preservation after Extraction of a Single-Rooted Tooth when Planning for Future Implant Placement, Journal of Canadian Dental Association 2006; 72(10):917–922
  4. ↑ Fickl, Stefan; Zuhr, Otto; Wachtel, Hannes; Stappert, Christian F. J.; Stein, Jamal M.; Hürzeler, Markus B. (2008). "Dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge contour after different socket preservation techniques". Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 35 (10): 906–913. doi:10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01305.x. ISSN 0303-6979. PMID 18713258.
  5. ↑ "Extraction socket preservation: The time is now" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-06-18.
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