National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

Oculocerebral syndrome with hypopigmentation



Other Names:
Cross syndrome; Kramer syndrome; Oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome; Cross syndrome; Kramer syndrome; Oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome; Hypopigmentation oculocerebral syndrome Cross type See More
Categories:

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 2719

Definition
Oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome, Cross type is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by cutaneous and ocular hypopigmentation, various ocular anomalies (e.g. corneal and lens opacity, spastic ectropium, and/or nystagmus), growth deficiency, intellectual deficit and other progressive neurologic anomalies such as spastic tetraplegia, hyperreflexia, and/or athetoid movements. The clinical picture varies among patients and may also include other anomalies such as urinary tract abnormalities, Dandy-Walker malformations, and/or bilateral inguinal hernia.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.
Last updated: 2/1/2012

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal palate morphology
Abnormality of the palate
Abnormality of the roof of the mouth
[ more ]
0000174
Intellectual disability
Mental deficiency
Mental retardation
Mental retardation, nonspecific
Mental-retardation
[ more ]
0001249
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature
[ more ]
0004322
Thin skin 0000963
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal pyramidal sign 0007256
Abnormality of extrapyramidal motor function 0002071
Abnormality of vision
Abnormality of sight
Vision issue
[ more ]
0000504
Anemia
Low number of red blood cells or hemoglobin
0001903
Anteverted nares
Nasal tip, upturned
Upturned nasal tip
Upturned nose
Upturned nostrils
[ more ]
0000463
Aplasia/Hypoplasia affecting the eye
Absent/small eye
Absent/underdeveloped eye
[ more ]
0008056
Arachnodactyly
Long slender fingers
Spider fingers
[ more ]
0001166
Ataxia 0001251
Cataract
Clouding of the lens of the eye
Cloudy lens
[ more ]
0000518
Corneal opacity 0007957
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
Undescended testis
[ more ]
0000028
Depressed nasal bridge
Depressed bridge of nose
Flat bridge of nose
Flat nasal bridge
Flat, nasal bridge
Flattened nasal bridge
Low nasal bridge
Low nasal root
[ more ]
0005280
Dolichocephaly
Long, narrow head
Tall and narrow skull
[ more ]
0000268
Ectropion
Eyelid turned out
0000656
EEG abnormality 0002353
Hyperreflexia
Increased reflexes
0001347
Limitation of joint mobility
Decreased joint mobility
Decreased mobility of joints
Limited joint mobility
Limited joint motion
[ more ]
0001376
Microdontia
Decreased width of tooth
0000691
Narrow mouth
Small mouth
0000160
Nystagmus
Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic eye movements
0000639
Ocular albinism
Absent pigmentation in the eye
0001107
Short nose
Decreased length of nose
Shortened nose
[ more ]
0003196
Spastic tetraplegia 0002510
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal thumb morphology
Abnormality of the thumb
Abnormality of the thumbs
Thumb deformity
[ more ]
0001172
Abnormality of bone marrow cell morphology 0005561
Abnormality of the voice
Voice abnormality
0001608
Athetosis
Involuntary writhing movements in fingers, hands, toes, and feet
0002305
Choroideremia 0001139
Dandy-Walker malformation 0001305
Hypopigmentation of hair
Loss of hair color
0005599
Inguinal hernia 0000023
Microcephaly
Abnormally small skull
Decreased circumference of cranium
Decreased size of skull
Reduced head circumference
Small head circumference
[ more ]
0000252
Myopia
Close sighted
Near sighted
Near sightedness
Nearsightedness
[ more ]
0000545
Sensorineural hearing impairment 0000407
Ureteral stenosis
Narrowing of the ureter
0000071
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormality of the eye
Abnormal eye
0000478
Autosomal recessive inheritance 0000007
Growth delay
Delayed growth
Growth deficiency
Growth failure
Growth retardation
Poor growth
Retarded growth
[ more ]
0001510
Hypopigmentation of the skin
Patchy lightened skin
0001010
Silver-gray hair
Silver-gray hair color
Silvery-gray hair
[ more ]
0002218
Spasticity
Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm
0001257
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.

If you can’t find a specialist in your local area, try contacting national or international specialists. They may be able to refer you to someone they know through conferences or research efforts. Some specialists may be willing to consult with you or your local doctors over the phone or by email if you can't travel to them for care.

You can find more tips in our guide, How to Find a Disease Specialist. We also encourage you to explore the rest of this page to find resources that can help you find specialists.

Healthcare Resources


Research helps us better understand diseases and can lead to advances in diagnosis and treatment. This section provides resources to help you learn about medical research and ways to get involved.

Clinical Research Resources

  • The Centers for Mendelian Genomics program is working to discover the causes of rare genetic disorders. For more information about applying to the research study, please visit their website.

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

  • The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Oculocerebral syndrome with hypopigmentation. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

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