National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

Loeys-Dietz syndrome type 4



This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Bicuspid aortic valve
Aortic valve has two leaflets rather than three
0001647
Emphysema 0002097
Pneumothorax
Collapsed lung
0002107
1%-4% of people have these symptoms
Aortic dissection
Tear in inner wall of large artery that carries blood away from heart
0002647
Arachnodactyly
Long slender fingers
Spider fingers
[ more ]
0001166
Arterial tortuosity 0005116
Bifid uvula 0000193
Broad uvula 0010809
Bruising susceptibility
Bruise easily
Easy bruisability
Easy bruising
[ more ]
0000978
Chronic pain
Long-lasting pain
0012532
Downslanted palpebral fissures
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000494
Dural ectasia 0100775
High, narrow palate
Narrow, high-arched roof of mouth
Narrow, highly arched roof of mouth
[ more ]
0002705
Hyperextensible skin
Hyperelastic skin
Skin hyperelasticity
Stretchable skin
[ more ]
0000974
Hypertelorism
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes
[ more ]
0000316
Joint hyperflexibility
Joints move beyond expected range of motion
0005692
Pes planus
Flat feet
Flat foot
[ more ]
0001763
Ptosis
Drooping upper eyelid
0000508
Retrognathia
Receding chin
Receding lower jaw
Weak chin
Weak jaw
[ more ]
0000278
Scoliosis 0002650
Spondylolisthesis
Displacement of one backbone compared to another
Slipped backbone
[ more ]
0003302
Striae distensae
Stretch marks
0001065
Talipes equinovarus
Club feet
Club foot
Clubfeet
Clubfoot
[ more ]
0001762
Tall stature
Increased body height
0000098
Torticollis
Wry neck
0000473
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormality of the sternum
Sternal anomalies
0000766
Aortic root aneurysm
Bulge in wall of root of large artery that carries blood away from heart
0002616
Autosomal dominant inheritance 0000006
Eosinophilic infiltration of the esophagus 0410151
Inguinal hernia 0000023
Mitral valve prolapse 0001634
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.

If you can’t find a specialist in your local area, try contacting national or international specialists. They may be able to refer you to someone they know through conferences or research efforts. Some specialists may be willing to consult with you or your local doctors over the phone or by email if you can't travel to them for care.

You can find more tips in our guide, How to Find a Disease Specialist. We also encourage you to explore the rest of this page to find resources that can help you find specialists.

Healthcare Resources


Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

Organizations Supporting this Disease


These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

  • Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Loeys-Dietz syndrome type 4. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.
  • Johns Hopkins has information on Loeys-Dietz syndrome on their Web site. You can click on the link to view this information page.
  • The National Marfan Foundation has information on Loeys-Dietz syndrome on their Web site. You can click on the link to view this information page.
  • Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Foundation is a non-profit advocacy organization for this condition, and they provide medical information on their website.

In-Depth Information

  • GeneReviews provides current, expert-authored, peer-reviewed, full-text articles describing the application of genetic testing to the diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling of patients with specific inherited conditions.
  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Loeys-Dietz syndrome type 4. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

Questions sent to GARD may be posted here if the information could be helpful to others. We remove all identifying information when posting a question to protect your privacy. If you do not want your question posted, please let us know.