National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

NBIA/DYT/PARK-PLA2G6


Other Names:
Dystonia-parkinsonism, Paisan-Ruiz type; PLA2G6-related dystonia-parkinsonism; Parkinson disease 14, autosomal recessive; Dystonia-parkinsonism, Paisan-Ruiz type; PLA2G6-related dystonia-parkinsonism; Parkinson disease 14, autosomal recessive; DYSTONIA-PARKINSONISM, ADULT-ONSET; PARK14; Adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism See More
Categories:
The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 199351

Definition
A rare neurodegenerative disease usually presenting before the age of 30 and which is characterized by dystonia, L-dopa-responsive parkinsonism, pyramidal signs and rapid cognitive decline.

Epidemiology
Prevalence is unknown. Only 14 cases have been reported to date.

Clinical description
Disease onset occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood (usually before the age of 30) and usually presents with parkinsonism (tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia), dystonia and rapid cognitive decline. Eye movement abnormalities (supranuclear vertical gaze palsy, eyelid opening apraxia), pyramidal tract signs, and psychiatric features such as depression and personality changes have also been reported in some patients. Dopaminergic treatment is initially successful with regard to parkinsonism, but the development of prominent dyskinesias often follows.

Etiology
Adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism is caused by mutations in the phospholipase A2, group VI (PLA2G6) gene located on chromosome 22q13.1.

Genetic counseling
Adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and genetic counseling is possible and recommended.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.
Last updated: 11/1/2013

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal circulating creatine kinase concentration
Abnormal levels of creatine kinase in blood
0040081
Bradykinesia
Slow movements
Slowness of movements
[ more ] 		0002067
Clumsiness 0002312
Dysarthria
Difficulty articulating speech
0001260
Dyslexia
Reading disability
0010522
Dysphagia
Poor swallowing
Swallowing difficulties
Swallowing difficulty
[ more ] 		0002015
Eyelid apraxia
Difficulty opening the eyelids
0000658
Focal dystonia 0004373
Frontotemporal cerebral atrophy 0006892
Frontotemporal dementia 0002145
Generalized cerebral atrophy/hypoplasia
Generalized cerebral degeneration/underdevelopment
0007058
Hyperreflexia
Increased reflexes
0001347
Hypometric saccades 0000571
Hypomimic face
Dull facial expression
0000338
Neurofibrillary tangles 0002185
Parkinsonism with favorable response to dopaminergic medication 0002548
Postural instability
Balance impairment
0002172
Progressive extrapyramidal movement disorder 0007153
Rigidity
Muscle rigidity
0002063
Spasticity
Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm
0001257
Stiff hip
Hip stiffness
0025262
Tremor 0001337
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Depressivity
Depression
0000716
Global developmental delay 0001263
Iron accumulation in brain 0012675
Myoclonus 0001336
Paranoia 0011999
Personality changes
Personality change
0000751
Seizure 0001250
Supranuclear gaze palsy 0000605
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Aggressive behavior
Aggression
Aggressive behaviour
Aggressiveness
[ more ] 		0000718
Apraxia 0002186
Autosomal recessive inheritance 0000007
Dystonia 0001332
Elevated serum creatine kinase
Elevated blood creatine phosphokinase
Elevated circulating creatine phosphokinase
Elevated creatine kinase
Elevated serum CPK
Elevated serum creatine phosphokinase
High serum creatine kinase
Increased CPK
Increased creatine kinase
Increased creatine phosphokinase
Increased serum CK
Increased serum creatine kinase
Increased serum creatine phosphokinase
[ more ] 		0003236
Global brain atrophy
Generalized brain degeneration
0002283
Parkinsonism 0001300
Rapidly progressive
Worsening quickly
0003678
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

Organizations Supporting this Disease

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.

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