National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

MIRAGE syndrome



Other Names:
Myelodysplasia, infection, restriction of growth, adrenal hypoplasia, genital phenotypes, and enteropathy

MIRAGE syndrome is a condition characterized by Myelodysplasia, Infection, Restriction of growth, Adrenal hypoplasia, Genital problems, and Enteropathy (intestinal problems). It was originally described in 11 patients who had growth restriction, intellectual disability, developmental delay, adrenal insufficiency resulting in skin hyperpigmentation, symptoms of salt loss, poorly developed and abnormal genitalia (small penis, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum (cryptorchidism) and the urethral opening in the underside of the penis (hypospadias). All patients had low platelet numbers (thrombocytopenia) and/or anemia. MIRAGE syndrome is caused by a change (mutation) in the SAMD9 gene. In the cases described there was no description of a specific treatment but the symptoms should be managed based on presentation.[1]
Last updated: 9/24/2016

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Achalasia 0002571
Esophageal stricture
Narrowing of esophagus due to inflammation and scar tissue
0002043
Hydrocephalus
Too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
0000238
Hypoplastic spleen
Underdeveloped spleen
0006270
Intracranial hemorrhage
Bleeding within the skull
0002170
Leukopenia
Decreased blood leukocyte number
Low white blood cell count
[ more ]
0001882
Myelodysplasia 0002863
Paraplegia
Leg paralysis
0010550
Seizure 0001250
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Adrenal insufficiency 0000846
Anemia
Low number of red blood cells or hemoglobin
0001903
Aspiration pneumonia 0011951
Autosomal dominant inheritance 0000006
Chronic diarrhea 0002028
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
Undescended testis
[ more ]
0000028
Decreased body weight
Decreased weight
Low body weight
Low weight
Weight less than 3rd percentile
[ more ]
0004325
Decreased testicular size
Small testes
Small testis
[ more ]
0008734
Gastroesophageal reflux
Acid reflux
Acid reflux disease
Heartburn
[ more ]
0002020
Global developmental delay 0001263
Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism 0000815
Hyperkalemia
Elevated serum potassium levels
0002153
Hypoglycemia
Low blood sugar
0001943
Hyponatremia
Low blood sodium levels
0002902
Hypospadias 0000047
Intrauterine growth retardation
Prenatal growth deficiency
Prenatal growth retardation
[ more ]
0001511
Lymphopenia
Decreased blood lymphocyte number
Low lymphocyte number
[ more ]
0001888
Microphallus 0030260
Motor delay 0001270
Overlapping fingers 0010557
Patent ductus arteriosus 0001643
Petechiae 0000967
Radial club hand 0004059
Recurrent bacterial infections
Bacterial infections, recurrent
Frequent bacterial infections
Increased susceptibility to bacterial infections
Recurrent major bacterial infections
[ more ]
0002718
Recurrent urinary tract infections
Frequent urinary tract infections
Repeated bladder infections
Repeated urinary tract infections
Urinary tract infections
Urinary tract infections, recurrent
[ more ]
0000010
Rocker bottom foot
Rocker bottom feet
Rocker-bottom feet
Rockerbottom feet
[ more ]
0001838
Scoliosis 0002650
Sepsis
Infection in blood stream
0100806
Shawl scrotum
Scrotum surrounds penis
0000049
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature
[ more ]
0004322
Talipes equinovarus
Club feet
Club foot
Clubfeet
Clubfoot
[ more ]
0001762
Thrombocytopenia
Low platelet count
0001873
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.

If you can’t find a specialist in your local area, try contacting national or international specialists. They may be able to refer you to someone they know through conferences or research efforts. Some specialists may be willing to consult with you or your local doctors over the phone or by email if you can't travel to them for care.

You can find more tips in our guide, How to Find a Disease Specialist. We also encourage you to explore the rest of this page to find resources that can help you find specialists.

Healthcare Resources


These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss MIRAGE syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

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  1. Narumi S & cols. SAMD9 mutations cause a novel multisystem disorder, MIRAGE syndrome, and are associated with loss of chromosome 7. Nature Genet. 2016; 48:792-797.