National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

Interstitial lung disease

Not a rare disease Not a rare disease
Other Names:
ILD
Subtypes:
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a large group of disorders characterized by thickening of the walls between the alveoli, increased production and buildup of collagen, and pulmonary fibrosis (progressive scarring of lung tissue).[1] The scarring eventually affects the ability to breathe and get enough oxygen into the bloodstream. Symptoms typically include shortness of breath and a dry cough.[2]

There are numerous possible causes of ILD, including connective tissue disorders, autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis), occupational exposures (such as asbestos), infection, and many drugs.[1][2] Specific diseases leading to ILD may include sarcoidosis, pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and eosinophilic pulmonary diseases.[1] The list of substances and conditions that can lead to ILD is long.[2] However, in many cases, the cause is not known.[2] Some cases of unknown cause that share similar characteristics are called idiopathic interstitial pneumonias.[1]

Lung scarring that occurs in ILD is permanent. However, some treatments may temporarily improve symptoms or slow the disease's progress. Treatment options may include various medications, oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and as a last resort, lung transplantation.[2]
Last updated: 7/31/2017

Research helps us better understand diseases and can lead to advances in diagnosis and treatment. This section provides resources to help you learn about medical research and ways to get involved.

Clinical Research Resources

  • ClinicalTrials.gov lists trials that are related to Interstitial lung disease. Click on the link to go to ClinicalTrials.gov to read descriptions of these studies.

    Please note: Studies listed on the ClinicalTrials.gov website are listed for informational purposes only; being listed does not reflect an endorsement by GARD or the NIH. We strongly recommend that you talk with a trusted healthcare provider before choosing to participate in any clinical study.

Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

Organizations Supporting this Disease

Organizations Providing General Support

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

  • Mayo Clinic has an information page on Interstitial lung disease.
  • MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic.
  • The Merck Manual provides information on this condition for patients and caregivers. 

In-Depth Information

  • The Merck Manual for health care professionals provides information on Interstitial lung disease.
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.

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  1. Lee J. Overview of Interstitial Lung Disease (Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases). Merck Manual. April, 2016; http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/interstitial-lung-diseases/overview-of-interstitial-lung-disease.
  2. Interstitial lung disease. Mayo Clinic. July 21, 2017; http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/interstitial-lung-disease/home/ovc-20341378.