National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

Hydrocephalus, costovertebral dysplasia, and Sprengel anomaly



Other Names:
Hydrocephalus, skeletal anomalies, and mental disturbance; Waaler-Aarskog syndrome; Ferlini-Ragno-Calzolari syndrome
Categories:

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 2180

Definition
This syndrome is characterised principally by Sprengel anomaly (upward displacement of the scapula) and hydrocephaly. Other anomalies such as psychomotor retardation, psychosis, brachydactyly, and costovertebral dysplasia may also be present.

Epidemiology
The syndrome has been described in eight female patients.

Genetic counseling
The mode of transmission has not been firmly established but appears to be either autosomal or X-linked dominant.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.
Last updated: 2/1/2006

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Hydrocephalus
Too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
0000238
Mandibular prognathia
Big lower jaw
Increased projection of lower jaw
Increased size of lower jaw
Large lower jaw
Prominent chin
Prominent lower jaw
[ more ]
0000303
Sprengel anomaly
High shoulder blade
0000912
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormality of dental enamel
Abnormal tooth enamel
Enamel abnormalities
Enamel abnormality
[ more ]
0000682
Abnormality of skin pigmentation
Abnormal pigmentation
Abnormal skin color
Abnormal skin pigmentation
Abnormality of pigmentation
Pigmentary changes
Pigmentary skin changes
Pigmentation anomaly
[ more ]
0001000
Abnormality of the ribs
Rib abnormalities
0000772
Anteverted nares
Nasal tip, upturned
Upturned nasal tip
Upturned nose
Upturned nostrils
[ more ]
0000463
Behavioral abnormality
Behavioral changes
Behavioral disorders
Behavioral disturbances
Behavioral problems
Behavioral/psychiatric abnormalities
Behavioural/Psychiatric abnormality
Psychiatric disorders
Psychiatric disturbances
[ more ]
0000708
Brachydactyly
Short fingers or toes
0001156
Bulbous nose 0000414
Cutaneous photosensitivity
Photosensitive skin
Photosensitive skin rashes
Photosensitivity
Sensitivity to sunlight
Skin photosensitivity
Sun sensitivity
[ more ]
0000992
Depressed nasal bridge
Depressed bridge of nose
Flat bridge of nose
Flat nasal bridge
Flat, nasal bridge
Flattened nasal bridge
Low nasal bridge
Low nasal root
[ more ]
0005280
Hemivertebrae
Missing part of vertebrae
0002937
High forehead 0000348
High palate
Elevated palate
Increased palatal height
[ more ]
0000218
Hypertelorism
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes
[ more ]
0000316
Intellectual disability
Mental retardation
Mental retardation, nonspecific
Mental-retardation
Mental deficiency
[ more ]
0001249
Low-set ears
Low set ears
Lowset ears
[ more ]
0000369
Macrocephaly
Increased size of skull
Large head
Large head circumference
[ more ]
0000256
Malar flattening
Zygomatic flattening
0000272
Obesity
Having too much body fat
0001513
Prominent nose
Big nose
Disproportionately large nose
Increased nasal size
Increased size of nose
Large nose
Pronounced nose
[ more ]
0000448
Sandal gap
Gap between 1st and 2nd toes
Gap between first and second toe
Increased space between first and second toes
Sandal gap between first and second toes
Wide space between 1st, 2nd toes
Wide space between first and second toes
Wide-spaced big toe
Widely spaced 1st-2nd toes
Widely spaced first and second toes
Widened gap 1st-2nd toes
Widened gap first and second toe
[ more ]
0001852
Scoliosis 0002650
Wide nasal bridge
Broad nasal bridge
Broad nasal root
Broadened nasal bridge
Increased breadth of bridge of nose
Increased breadth of nasal bridge
Increased width of bridge of nose
Increased width of nasal bridge
Nasal bridge broad
Wide bridge of nose
Widened nasal bridge
[ more ]
0000431
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Arachnoid cyst
Fluid-filled sac located in membrane surrounding brain or spinal cord
0100702
Delayed gross motor development
Delayed motor skills
0002194
Epicanthus
Eye folds
Prominent eye folds
[ more ]
0000286
Hypoplasia of dental enamel
Underdeveloped teeth enamel
0006297
Myopia
Close sighted
Near sighted
Near sightedness
Nearsightedness
[ more ]
0000545
Strabismus
Cross-eyed
Squint
Squint eyes
[ more ]
0000486
Wide intermamillary distance
Wide-spaced nipples
Widely spaced nipples
Widely-spaced nipples
[ more ]
0006610
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormality of the cerebral white matter 0002500
Autosomal dominant inheritance 0000006
Global developmental delay 0001263
Kyphoscoliosis 0002751
Psychosis 0000709
X-linked dominant inheritance 0001423
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.

If you can’t find a specialist in your local area, try contacting national or international specialists. They may be able to refer you to someone they know through conferences or research efforts. Some specialists may be willing to consult with you or your local doctors over the phone or by email if you can't travel to them for care.

You can find more tips in our guide, How to Find a Disease Specialist. We also encourage you to explore the rest of this page to find resources that can help you find specialists.

Healthcare Resources


These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Hydrocephalus, costovertebral dysplasia, and Sprengel anomaly. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

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