National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center, a program of the National Center for Advancing and Translational Sciences

Endocardial fibroelastosis


Other Names:
Endomyocardial fibroelastosis
The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 2022

Definition
Endomyocardial fibroelastosis is a cause of unexplained childhood cardiac insufficiency. It results from diffuse thickening of the endocardium leading to dilated myocardiopathy in the majority of cases and restrictive myocardiopathy in rare cases. It may occur as a primary disorder or may be secondary to another cardiac malformation, notably aortic stenosis or atresia.

Epidemiology
The incidence at birth is estimated at 1 in 5 000.

Clinical description
In the majority of cases, endomyocardial fibroelastosis is diagnosed at between 3 and 6 months of age. The cardiac insufficiency may be acute with a severe prognosis or chronic.

Etiology
The underlying cause of the sporadic cases is unknown: it may be associated with an antenatal viral infection, subendocardial ischemia or metabolic anomalies.

Genetic counseling
The primary form is mainly sporadic but 10% of cases are familial with all possible modes of transmission (autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked).

Management and treatment
Treatment is the same as that used for cardiac insufficiency.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.
Last updated: 3/1/2006

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

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Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal palate morphology
Abnormality of the palate
Abnormality of the roof of the mouth
[ more ] 		0000174
Abnormality of the helix 0011039
Cognitive impairment
Abnormality of cognition
Cognitive abnormality
Cognitive defects
Cognitive deficits
Intellectual impairment
Mental impairment
[ more ] 		0100543
Congestive heart failure
Cardiac failure
Cardiac failures
Heart failure
[ more ] 		0001635
Hypoglycemia
Low blood sugar
0001943
Low-set, posteriorly rotated ears 0000368
Micrognathia
Little lower jaw
Small jaw
Small lower jaw
[ more ] 		0000347
Restrictive cardiomyopathy 0001723
Sandal gap
Gap between 1st and 2nd toes
Gap between first and second toe
Increased space between first and second toes
Sandal gap between first and second toes
Wide space between 1st, 2nd toes
Wide space between first and second toes
Wide-spaced big toe
Widely spaced 1st-2nd toes
Widely spaced first and second toes
Widened gap 1st-2nd toes
Widened gap first and second toe
[ more ] 		0001852
Telecanthus
Corners of eye widely separated
0000506
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Anterior hypopituitarism 0000830
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
Undescended testis
[ more ] 		0000028
Hypoplasia of penis
Underdeveloped penis
0008736
Seizure 0001250
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Endocardial fibroelastosis 0001706
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormal facial shape
Unusual facial appearance
0001999
Abnormality of the nervous system
Neurologic abnormalities
Neurological abnormality
[ more ] 		0000707
Autosomal recessive inheritance 0000007
Cardiomyopathy
Disease of the heart muscle
0001638
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Last updated: 7/1/2020

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.

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