113390 Helvetia

113390 Helvetia, provisional designation 2002 SU19, is a background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 2.2 kilometers (1.4 miles) kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 29 September 2002, by Swiss astronomer Markus Griesser at the Eschenberg Observatory in Winterthur, near Zürich, Switzerland. The presumed stony Florian asteroid was named after the Swiss national symbol, Helvetia.[1]

113390 Helvetia
Discovery[1]
Discovered byM. Griesser
Discovery siteEschenberg Obs.
Discovery date29 September 2002
Designations
(113390) Helvetia
Named after
Helvetia (Swiss symbol and national personification)[1]
2002 SU19 · 2001 FS166
main-belt[1][2] · (inner)
background[3][4] · Flora[5]
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc57.45 yr (20,985 d)
Aphelion2.7712 AU
Perihelion1.8353 AU
2.3033 AU
Eccentricity0.2032
3.50 yr (1,277 d)
314.06°
0° 16m 55.2s / day
Inclination7.3588°
298.47°
8.6509°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
2.196±0.360[6][7][8]
0.231±0.103[6][7][8]
S (assumed)[5]
15.5[8]
15.6[1][2]

    Orbit and classification

    Helvetia is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[3][4] Based on osculating Keplerian orbital elements, the asteroid has also been classified as a member of the Flora family (402), a giant asteroid family and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main-belt.[5]

    It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.8 AU once every 3 years and 6 months (1,276 days; semi-major axis of 2.3 AU). Its orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.8 AU once every 3 years and 6 months (1,277 days; semi-major axis of 2.3 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic.[2] The asteroid's observation arc begins 42 years prior to its official discovery observation, with a precovery taken at the Palomar Observatory in September 1960.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet bears the name for Switzerland (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica), where the asteroid was discovered. Helvetia is also an allegorical figure and symbol for the nation (national personification). Each Swiss stamp carries her name, and her figure appears on most Swiss coins.[1] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 19 February 2006 (M.P.C. 55989).[9]

    Physical characteristics

    Helvetia is an assumed, stony S-type asteroid, the most common type in the inner main-belt and the Flora family's overall spectral type.[5]

    Lightcurve

    In April 2014, Helvetia was photometrically observed by Hungarian astronomers Gyula M. Szabó and Krisztián Sárneczky. However, no rotational lightcurve could be obtained. As of 2019, the asteroid's rotation period and shape still remain unknown.[5]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's space-based Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Helvetia measures 2.2 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.23, which is typical for stony asteroids.[6][7][8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of its family – and calculates a diameter of 2.06 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 15.6.[5]

    References
    1. "113390 Helvetia (2002 SU19)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
    2. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 113390 Helvetia (2002 SU19)" (2018-03-09 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
    3. "Asteroid (113390) Helvetia – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
    4. "Asteroid 113390 Helvetia". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
    5. "LCDB Data for (113390) Helvetia". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 28 February 2019.
    6. Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-COMPIL-5-NEOWISEDIAM-V1.0. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
    7. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. S2CID 118745497.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    8. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID 35447010. (catalog)
    9. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 February 2019.

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