1277 Dolores

1277 Dolores (prov. designation: 1933 HA) is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 27 kilometers (17 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 18 April 1933, by Soviet astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.[11] The asteroid was named after Spanish communist Dolores Ibárruri.[2]

1277 Dolores
Modelled shape of Dolores from its lightcurve
Discovery[1]
Discovered byG. Neujmin
Discovery siteSimeiz Obs.
Discovery date18 April 1933
Designations
(1277) Dolores
Named after
Dolores Ibárruri[2]
(Spanish communists)
1933 HA · 1925 SE
1929 NB · 1942 JA
1951 PB
main-belt · (middle)[3]
background[4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc84.05 yr (30,699 days)
Aphelion3.3418 AU
Perihelion2.0598 AU
2.7008 AU
Eccentricity0.2373
4.44 yr (1,621 days)
315.34°
0° 13m 19.56s / day
Inclination6.9674°
247.04°
46.992°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
23.72±7.44 km[5]
27.05±0.90 km[6]
27.64±2.2 km[3][7]
32.587±0.802 km[8]
32.59±0.80 km[8]
17.19±0.01 h[9]
0.063±0.013[8]
0.08±0.04[5]
0.0879±0.016[3][7]
0.095±0.007[6]
Tholen = C[1]
SMASS = Cb[1]
C[3][10]
B–V = 0.730[1]
U–B = 0.378[1]
11.05[1][3][5][6][7][8]
11.11±0.11[10]

    Orbit and classification

    Dolores is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[4] It orbits the Sun in the central main belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,621 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.24 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The asteroid was first identified as 1925 SE at Simeiz Observatory in September 1925. The body's observation arc begins at Yerkes Observatory (or Simeiz) in June 1933, approximately 2 months after its official discovery observation.[11]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Spanish communists Dolores Ibárruri (1895–1989). Known as "La Pasionária" (Passionflower), she co-founded the communist party in Spain in 1920, and lead the party while in exile. Dolores Ibárruri returned to Spain in 1977, and became a member of the parliament. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 117).[2]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, Dolores is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid, while in the SMASS classification, it is classified as a Cb-subtype, that transitions to the brighter B-type asteroids.[1] It has also been characterized as a C-type by Pan-STARRS photometric survey.[10]

    Rotation period

    In July 2000, a rotational lightcurve of Dolores was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Robert Stephens. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 17.19 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.45 magnitude (U=3), indicative of a somewhat elongated shape.[9]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Dolores measures between 23.72 and 32.59 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.063 and 0.095.[5][6][7][8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the result obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0879 and a diameter of 27.64 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.05.[3][7]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1277 Dolores (1933 HA)" (2017-07-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1277) Dolores". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 105. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1278. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1277) Dolores". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1277 Dolores – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
    5. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    6. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    9. Stephens, R. D. (June 2001). "Rotational Periods and Lightcurves of 1277 Dolores, 666 Desdemona and (7505) 1997 AM2" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 28 (1): 28–29. Bibcode:2001MPBu...28...28S. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
    10. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
    11. "1277 Dolores (1933 HA)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
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