12N360

The 12N360 (Russian: 12Н360; other designations are A-85-3A or 2V-12-3A) diesel engine is a Russian four-stroke diesel engine produced by the Chelyabinsk Engine Plant. The water-cooled twelve-cylinder X-engine with direct injection was developed to power the Armata universal platform, on which the T-14 tank, among others, is based.

The 12N360

Development

Development of the 12N360 began as early as the 1970s. In 1977 a first prototype with an output of 1200 hp and the designation 12ChN was running. At the time, the Soviet leadership favored the gas turbine and the two-stroke 5TDF opposed-piston engine for tank propulsion, and no funds were made available for further development of the 12ChN.[1] Also, the later development of the V-2 series into the V-93 with 1120 hp showed that this V12 engine, whose origins lay in the late 1930s, still had potential.

Design

The 12N360 is a turbocharged, horizontal X engine with 12 cylinders. The X design makes it much more compact than its predecessor, the V-93[2] (Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant), and similar in size to the 5TDF[3] and 6TDF two-stroke opposed-piston engines (Malyshev Factory).[4]

Technical data
Number of cylinders12
Displacement34.6 l[5]
Max. Torque3840 Nm
Length813mm[5]
Width1300mm[5]
Height820mm[5]
Mass1550 kg[5]
Rated power1,500 hp[5]
Rated speed2000 min-1
Specific fuel consumption217.9 g / kWh

References
  1. Vom T-54 zum T-90. Vom T-54 zum T-90. Aus der Geschichte des sowjetischen Panzerbaus. (From T-54 to T-90. A short history of soviet tank design, german)
  2. 1560x896x909mm
  3. 5TDF: 5 cylinder, 1413x955x581mm
  4. The tank diesel engine. (6TDF: 6 cylinder, 1602x955x581)
  5. Русский танковый мотор 12Н360 (russian tank engine 12N360, russian)
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