15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian)

The 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian) (German: 15. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lettische Nr. 1),[1] Latvian: 15. SS grenadieru divīzija (latviešu Nr. 1)) was an Infantry Division of the Waffen-SS during World War II. It was formed in February 1943, and together with its sister unit, the 19th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (2nd Latvian) formed the Latvian Legion.

15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian)
Insignia of 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian)
Active1943–45
Country Nazi Germany
Branch Waffen-SS
TypeInfantry
SizeDivision
Part ofVI SS Army Corps (Latvian)
Insignia
Armshield of the Latvian legionnaires

World War II

After the formation of Latvian Police Battalions in Reichskommissariat Ostland, Heinrich Himmler formed the Latvian legion (Lettische SS-Freiwilligen-Legion) in January 1943. In February 1943 Lettische SS-Freiwilligen-Division was formed, which later received the numerical designation 15. The Legion was renamed the Lettische SS-Freiwilligen-Brigade, with the numerical designation added soon after.

Unlawful conscription of Latvians for military service by the Germans was based on Alfred Rosenberg's compulsory labor decree of 19 December 1941. It was carried out by the Department of Labor of the Latvian Self Administration, commencing in early 1943 with the compulsory recruitment of Latvian citizens born between 1919 and 1924.[2] The 15th Waffen SS, together with the 19th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (2nd Latvian) formed the Latvian Legion.

The 15th Waffen SS was swept up in the chaos of the collapse of the Eastern Front and lost much of its manpower fighting in districts surrounding Leningrad (Ostrov, Novosokolniki and Novgorod Oblast). In September 1944 the surviving elements of the division were sent by boat to Danzig. The division fought on the Pomeranian Wall defences and then retreated through Pomerania and Germany to Berlin.

Part of the division, with a total of 824 men under Waffen-Standartenführer Vilis Janums, surrendered on 27 April 1945 to the advancing Americans at Güterglück near the Elbe River. Other elements of the division, amounting to approximately 4,500 men, surrendered to the Americans south of Schwerin on 2 May 1945.[3]

On 22 January 1945, Red Army soldiers killed over 100 unarmed men of the 5th Battalion of the 1st Construction Regiment in the Dąbrówka Nowa Massacre after mistakenly assuming that they were armed.

Commanders
  • SS-Brigadeführer und Generalmajor Peter Hansen (25 February 1943 – 1 May 1943)
    15th SS Division parade through Riga before deployment to Eastern Front. December 1943
  • SS-Gruppenführer und Generalmajor Carl Graf von Pückler-Burghauss (1 May 1943 – 17 February 1944)
  • SS-Oberführer Nikolaus Heilmann (17 February 1944 – 21 July 1944)
  • SS-Oberführer Herbert von Obwurzer (21 July 1944 – 26 January 1945)
  • SS-Oberführer Adolf Ax (26 January 1945 – 15 February 1945)
  • SS-Oberführer, later Brigadeführer und Generalmajor Karl Burk (15 February – 2 May 1945) [4]

Order of battle
  • Waffen Grenadier Regiment of SS 32
  • Waffen Grenadier Regiment of SS 33
  • Waffen Grenadier Regiment of SS 34
  • Waffen Artillery Regiment of SS 15
  • Waffen Füsilier Battalion of SS 15
  • Waffen Flak Battalion of SS 15
  • Waffen Signals Battalion of SS 15
  • Waffen Pionier Battalion of SS 15
  • Waffen Panzerjäger Battalion of SS 15
  • SS Medical Battalion 15
  • SS Nachschub Troop 15
  • SS Feldpost Department 15
  • SS Veterinary Company 15
  • SS Wirtschafts Battalion 15
  • SS Bau Regiment 1 of 15. SS-Division
  • SS Bau Regiment 2 of 15. SS-Division
  • SS Feldersatz Battalion 15
  • SS Waffen Feldgendarmerie Troop 15
  • SS War Reporter Troop 15 [5]

See also

References
  1. Official designation in German language as to „Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv“ in Freiburg im Breisgau, stores of the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS.
  2. Page Taylor, Hugh (14 February 2016). Uniforms, Organization and History of the Waffen-SS. Vol. 5 (1st ed.). San Jose, Calif.: R. James Bender Publishing. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-912138-25-1.
  3. Silgailis, Arturs (12 February 2016). "15. Divizijas pēdejās gaitas". Latviešu Leģions (in Latvian) (4th ed.). Riga: Apvienība Timermanis un Vējiņš. pp. 207–213. ISBN 978-9984-01-045-8.
  4. Rickmenspoel, M. Waffen-SS Encyclopedia. Aberjona Press, 2004.
  5. Wendal, Marcus. "15. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (lettische Nr. 1)". Axis History. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 15 March 2009.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.