1677 Tycho Brahe

1677 Tycho Brahe, provisional designation 1940 RO, is a stony Marian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 6 September 1940, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland.[1] The common stony S-type asteroid has a short rotation period of 3.89 hours.[5] It was later named after Tycho Brahe, one of the fathers of astronomy.[2]

1677 Tycho Brahe
Tycho Brahe modeled from its lightcurve
Discovery[1]
Discovered byY. Väisälä
Discovery siteTurku Obs.
Discovery date6 September 1940
Designations
(1677) Tycho Brahe
Named after
Tycho Brahe[2]
(Danish astronomer)
1940 RO · 1928 SP
1935 FL · 1952 QN1
1952 SD1 · A916 UA
main-belt[1][3] · (middle)
Maria[4] · Eunomia[5]
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc82.92 yr (30,285 d)
Aphelion2.8037 AU
Perihelion2.2607 AU
2.5322 AU
Eccentricity0.1072
4.03 yr (1,472 d)
130.28°
0° 14m 40.56s / day
Inclination14.853°
337.91°
318.29°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
8.90±0.72 km[6]
11.686±0.116 km[7]
11.784±0.093 km[8]
13.26 km (calculated)[5]
3.89±0.06 h[9]
0.21 (assumed)[5]
0.221±0.031[8]
0.2277±0.0388[7]
0.466±0.090[6]
S[5][10][lower-alpha 1]
11.70[3][5][6]
11.9[7]
12.21±0.04[10]

    Classification and orbit

    When applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements, Tycho Brahe is a member of the Maria family (506),[4] a large family of stony asteroids.[11]: 23  Based on osculating Keplerian orbital elements, the asteroid has also been classified as a member of the Eunomia family (502), the largest family in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members.[5]

    It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.3–2.8 AU once every 4.03 years (1,472 days; semi-major axis of 2.53 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The asteroid was first observed as A916 UA at Bergedorf Observatory in October 1916, extending the body's observation arc by 24 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.[1]

    Physical characteristics

    The asteroid has been characterized as a stony S-type by Pan-STARRS survey, and in the SDSS-MFB (Masi Foglia Binzel) taxonomy,[5][10][lower-alpha 1] which agree with the overall spectral type for members of the Maria family.[11]: 23 

    Rotation period

    In July 2012, a rotational lightcurve of Tycho Brahe was obtained by Renata Violante and Martha Leake, that gave a short rotation period of 3.89 hours with a brightness variation of 0.38 magnitude (U=2+).[5][9]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Tycho Brahe measures 11.78 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.221 (revised 2014-figures).[8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.21, derived from the family's largest member and namesake, 15 Eunomia, and calculates a diameter of 13.26 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 11.7.[5]

    Naming

    This minor planet is named for the great Danish-born astronomer Tycho Brahe (1546–1601) an early forerunner and father of modern astronomy. He is known for his unprecedented precise measurements in the pre-telescopic era.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 15 October 1977 (M.P.C. 4236).[12] Brahe is also honored by the prominent crater Tycho in the southern highlands of the Moon and by the Martian crater Tycho Brahe.[2] The bright supernova, SN 1572, is also known as Tycho's Nova.

    Notes
    1. Search for Unusual Spectroscopic Candidates Among 40313 minor planets from the 3rd Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Moving Object Catalog (publication). SDSS-MFB (Masi Foglia Binzel) taxonomy (catalog).

    References
    1. "1677 Tycho Brahe (1940 RO)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1677) Tycho Brahe". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 133. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1678. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1677 Tycho Brahe (1940 RO)" (2018-02-26 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
    4. "Asteroid 1677 Tycho Brahe – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    5. "LCDB Data for (1677) Tycho Brahe". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 23 December 2016.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8.
    7. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    9. Violante, R.; Leake, M. A. (December 2012). "Photometry and Lightcurve Analysis of 7 Main-Belt Asteroids". Journal of the Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy. 7: 41–44. Bibcode:2012JSARA...7...41V. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
    10. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007.
    11. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.
    12. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.

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