1996 Adams

1996 Adams, provisional designation 1961 UA, is a stony Eunomia asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 13 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 October 1961, by the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn, Indiana, United States.[12] It was later named after mathematician John Couch Adams.[2]

1996 Adams
Lightcurve-based 3D-model of Adams
Discovery[1]
Discovered byIndiana University
(Indiana Asteroid Program)
Discovery siteGoethe Link Obs.
Discovery date16 October 1961
Designations
(1996) Adams
Named after
John Couch Adams
(mathematician)[2]
1961 UA · 1932 RM
1961 TB2 · 1969 TW2
1971 BY1 · 1973 SJ3
main-belt
Eunomia[3] · Maria[4]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc55.66 yr (20,331 days)
Aphelion2.9123 AU
Perihelion2.2058 AU
2.5591 AU
Eccentricity0.1380
4.09 yr (1,495 days)
259.97°
0° 14m 26.88s / day
Inclination15.132°
1.0923°
355.05°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions10.12±0.41 km[5]
12.05±0.44 km[6]
12.417±0.158[7]
13.529±0.069 km[8]
13.88 km (calculated)[3]
3.27±0.02 h[9]
3.311±0.001 h[lower-alpha 1]
3.31138±0.00006 h[10]
3.316±0.079 h[lower-alpha 2] h
3.560 h[4]
0.1405±0.0118[8]
0.177±0.014[6]
0.183±0.053[7]
0.21 (assumed)[3]
0.395±0.066[5]
S[3]
11.6[1][3][5] · 11.06±0.14[11] · 12.1[6][8]

    Classification and orbit

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) classifies Adams as a member of the Eunomia family, a large group of stony S-type asteroid and the most prominent family in the intermediate main-belt. However, based on its concurring orbital elements, Alvarez-Candal from the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, groups the asteroid into the Maria family, which is named after 170 Maria (also see 9175 Graun).[4]: 389 

    Adams orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.2–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 1 month (1,495 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] Adams was first identified as 1932 RM at Johannesburg Observatory. It first used observation was a precovery made at the discovering observatory just ten days prior to the official discovery observation.[12]

    Physical characteristics

    Several rotational lightcurves of Adams were obtained from photometric observations in 2010 and 2012. Best-rated lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 3.311 hours with a brightness variation between 0.40 and 0.46 magnitude (U=3/3/3/3).[10][13][14][lower-alpha 1] Additional photometric observations gave similar periods of 3.316, 3.27 and 3.560 hours with an amplitude of 0.60, 0.28 and 0.34, respectively (U=2+/1/3).[4][9][lower-alpha 2]

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Adams measures between 10.1 and 13.5 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.141 and 0.395.[5][6][7][8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.21 – derived from 15 Eunomia, the family's largest member and namesake – and calculates a diameter of 13.9 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 11.6.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after John Couch Adams (1819–1892), British mathematician and astronomer, who predicted the existence and position of Neptune, simultaneously with French mathematician Urbain Le Verrier, (also see 1997 Leverrier). The lunar crater Adams is also named in his honour.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 15 October 1977 (M.P.C. 4237).[15]

    Notes
    1. Mazzone (2011) web: rotation period 3.311±0.001 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.44 mag. Summary figures for (1996) Adams at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)
    2. Aznar (2011) web: web: rotation period 3.316±0.079 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.6 mag. Summary figures for (1996) Adams at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1996 Adams (1961 UA)" (2017-06-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1996) Adams". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1996) Adams. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 162. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1997. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1996) Adams". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    4. Alvarez-Candal, Alvaro; Duffard, René; Angeli, Cláudia A.; Lazzaro, Daniela; Fernández, Silvia (December 2004). "Rotational lightcurves of asteroids belonging to families". Icarus. 172 (2): 388–401. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..388A. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.008. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    5. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    6. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    7. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    8. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    9. Kim, M.-J.; Choi, Y.-J.; Moon, H.-K.; Byun, Y.-I.; Brosch, N.; Kaplan, M.; et al. (March 2014). "Rotational Properties of the Maria Asteroid Family". The Astronomical Journal. 147 (3): 15. arXiv:1311.5318. Bibcode:2014AJ....147...56K. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/3/56. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    10. Ambrosioni, Carlos; Colazo, Carlos; Mazzone, Fernando (April 2011). "Period Determination for 1996 Adams and 2699 Kalinn by AOACM". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (2): 102. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38..102A. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    11. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    12. "1996 Adams (1961 UA)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    13. Durkee, Russell I. (January 2011). "Asteroids Observed from the Shed of Science Observatory: 2010 May-October". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (1): 39–40. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38...39D. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    14. Aymami, Josep Maria (January 2011). "CCD Photometry and Lightcurve Analysis of 1730 Marceline and 1996 Adams from Observatori Carmelita in Tiana". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (1): 55–56. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38...55A. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    15. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.

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