2-Hexanone
2-Hexanone (methyl butyl ketone, MBK) is a ketone used as a general solvent and in paints. It dissolves cellulose nitrate, vinyl polymers and copolymers, and natural and synthetic resins. It is recommended as a solvent because it is photochemically inactive;[5] however it has a very low safe threshold limit value. 2-Hexanone is absorbed through the lungs, orally and dermally and its metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione, is neurotoxic.[6] Animal tests have shown that the neurotoxic effect of 2-hexanone may be potentiated by simultaneous administration of 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone, MEK).[7]
Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
Hexan-2-one | |
Other names
Methyl butyl ketone; Methyl n-butyl ketone; MNBK; Butyl methyl ketone; MBK; n-Butyl methyl ketone; Propylacetone | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.008.848 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C6H12O | |
Molar mass | 100.161 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Colorless to light yellow liquid |
Odor | sharp, acetone-like[3] |
Density | 0.8113 g/cm3 |
Melting point | −55.5 °C (−67.9 °F; 217.7 K) |
Boiling point | 127.6 °C (261.7 °F; 400.8 K) |
1.4% (14 g/L) | |
Vapor pressure | 1.3 kPa (20 °C) |
-69.1·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.403 (20 °C) |
Viscosity | 0.63 mPa·s (20 °C) |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H226, H336, H361f, H372 | |
P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P314, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | 25 °C (77 °F; 298 K) |
423 °C (793 °F; 696 K) | |
Explosive limits | ?-8%[3] |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
2590 mg/kg (oral, rat) 2430 mg/kg (oral, mouse) 4860 mg/kg (dermal, rabbit) 2590 mg/kg (oral, guinea pig)[4] |
LDLo (lowest published) |
914 mg/kg (rat, oral)[4] |
LC50 (median concentration) |
8000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)[4] |
LCLo (lowest published) |
20,000 ppm (guinea pig, 70 min)[4] |
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 100 ppm (410 mg/m3)[3] |
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 1 ppm (4 mg/m3)[3] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
1600 ppm[3] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references |
References
- Merck Index, 11th Edition, 5955.
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 75th ed. (1995)
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0325". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- "2-Hexanone". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- Dieter Stoye (2007), "Solvents", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 56
- Jerrold B. Leikin; Frank P. Paloucek (2008), "2-Hexanone", Poisoning and Toxicology Handbook (4th ed.), Informa, p. 737
- Wilhelm Neier; Günter Strehlke (2007), "2-Butanone", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 6
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