2000 South India cyclone

The 2000 South Indian Cyclone (IMD designation: BOB 05 JTWC designation: 05B) was the strongest, most intense tropical cyclone of the fairly-quiet 2000 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. The fifth cyclone, and the fourth named storm, Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 05 started as an upper-level low over the Andaman Sea on November 24. On early November 26, the group of thunderstorms was classified as a depression by the IMD. The system slowly began to organize, and late on November 26 the JTWC named it as Tropical Cyclone 03B. By November 28, a 20 km (12 mi)-wide eye was developing, prompting the JTWC to upgrade the storm to the equivalent of a minimal hurricane with winds of 120 km/h (75 mph). By comparison, the IMD estimated peak winds of 190 km/h (120 mph). Wind shear in the region prevented further strengthening, and the storm weakened slightly before making landfall on November 29 in eastern India near Cuddalore. A station there recorded a pressure of 983 mbar (29.0 inHg).

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 05
Extremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD scale)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
The cyclone at peak intensity, prior to landfall in Tamil Nadu on November 28.
FormedNovember 26, 2000
DissipatedDecember 6, 2000
(Remnant low after November 30)
Highest winds3-minute sustained: 190 km/h (115 mph)
1-minute sustained: 120 km/h (75 mph)
Lowest pressure958 hPa (mbar); 28.29 inHg
Fatalities12 total
Damage₹700 million rupees (US$15 million)
Areas affectedAndaman Islands, Nicobar Islands, South India, Sri Lanka, Somalia
Part of the 2000 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

The storm rapidly weakened over land, and degenerated into a remnant low on November 30. The remnants emerged into the eastern Arabian Sea on December 1, by which time most thunderstorms had dissipated over the deteriorating center. Two days later, the JTWC reissued advisories, based on an increase in outflow and convective organization. This was short-lived, as the thunderstorms soon dwindled, and the JTWC ceased issuing advisories on December 5. The remnants continued westward without development toward eastern Somalia.

As many as 12 people died from the storm. The storm caused ₹700 million rupees (US$15 million) in damages.[1]

Meteorological history
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

An upper-level low persisted over the Andaman Sea on November 24.[1] By the next day, a circulation center was present about 370 km (230 mi) west of Thailand, although convection was dislocated to the west due to wind shear.[2] After the thunderstorms concentrated over the center early on November 26, the IMD classified the system as a depression.[1] A ridge to the north steered the system generally westward. Outflow and convective organization gradually increased, and late on November 26 the JTWC classified it as Tropical Cyclone 03B. As the rainbands organized around the center, the winds increased; the IMD upgraded the system to a cyclonic storm on November 27, and to a severe and later a very severe cyclonic storm on November 28.[1][3]

By November 28, a 20 km (12 mi)-wide eye was developing, prompting the JTWC to upgrade the storm to the equivalent of a minimal hurricane with winds of 120 km/h (75 mph). By comparison, the IMD estimated peak winds of 190 km/h (120 mph). Wind shear in the region prevented further strengthening, and the storm weakened slightly before making landfall on November 29 in eastern India near Cuddalore. A station there recorded a pressure of 983 mbar (29.0 inHg). The storm rapidly weakened over land, and degenerated into a remnant low on November 30. The remnants emerged into the eastern Arabian Sea on December 1, by which time most thunderstorms had dissipated over the deteriorating center. Two days later, the JTWC reissued advisories, based on an increase in outflow and convective organization. This was short-lived, as the thunderstorms soon dwindled, and the JTWC ceased issuing advisories on December 5. The remnants continued westward without development toward eastern Somalia, before they were last noted on December 6.[1][3]

Impact

Tamil Nadu

Heavy rainfall, peaking at 450 mm (18 in) in Tholudur, spread across Tamil Nadu. During the passage of the eye, residents reported a period of calm lasting about 45 minutes. The main loss was crop damage, uprooting of big trees, and damage to houses. About one thousand Kutcha houses and 14 brick houses were damaged due to strong winds. 10 people lost their lives due to wall/building collapse, and/or electrocution. In the whole state, the roofs of 1000 houses were blown off, 14 houses were washed away, and 300 houses were washed away. Sugarcane in 100 acres, 30.000 Plantain trees, and 50,000 plantain saplings were also destroyed.[1] The winds also damaged about 41,000 houses, about 1,000 of which lost their roofs. Flooding washed away 14 brick buildings, while 300 others were inundated by the sea. Over 1,000 power lines were damaged.[1] Overall, the cyclone caused damages of ₹700 million rupees (US$15 million) and 12 deaths.[1]

Cuddalore

Over 30,000 trees were uprooted in the Cuddalore district, and 1,000+ electric poles were downed. Four transformers were also damaged. In the Cuddalore district alone, the damages was 20 Indian crores (US$2,702,136).

Pondicherry

Damages to paddy crops, plantains and coconut plantations were the major loss. About 40,000 Kutcha houses were partially damaged due to the strong winds, and 2 people lost their lives. The damage amounted to 50 Indian crores (US$6,801,865) [1]

See also

References
  1. Report on Cyclonic Disturbances Over North Indian Ocean During 2000 (PDF) (Report). India Meteorological Department. February 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-05-22.
  2. Gary Padgett (2000). "Monthly Tropical Weather Summary for November 2000". Retrieved 2015-05-22.
  3. Gary Padgett (2000). "Monthly Tropical Weather Summary for October 2000". Retrieved 2015-05-22.
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