(98943) 2001 CC21

(98943) 2001 CC21 (or simply 2001 CC21) is a stony near-Earth asteroid of the Apollo group, with a diameter of about 500 metres (1,600 feet). It was discovered by the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) survey at Socorro, New Mexico on 3 February 2001.[1] It is an upcoming flyby target of JAXA's Hayabusa2 extended mission, which will approach less than 100 km (62 mi) from the asteroid in July 2026.[8][9]

(98943) 2001 CC21
Discovery[1][2]
Discovered byLINEAR
Discovery siteLincoln Lab ETS
Discovery date3 February 2001
Designations
(98943) 2001 CC21
1982 VE13[1]
NEO · Apollo
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 25 February 2023 (JD 2460000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc40.31 yr (14,725 days)
Earliest precovery date10 November 1982
Aphelion1.259 AU
Perihelion0.806 AU
1.032 AU
Eccentricity0.2192
1.05 yr (383.1 d)
280.856°
0° 56m 23.328s / day
Inclination4.807°
75.519°
179.441°
Earth MOID0.08303 AU (12,421,000 km)
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
329+78
−41 m (NEOWISE)[4]
420–560 m (polarimetry)[5]
5.0247±0.0001 h[6][7]
0.285±0.083[5]
S
18.77[3][1]

    Physical characteristics

    Near-infrared spectroscopy of 2001 CC21 in 2023 shows that it is a stony S-type asteroid composed of silicates, with traces of pyroxene on its surface. These findings disprove earlier suggestions of an L-type asteroid spectrum, which lack pyroxene absorption bands by contrast.[5]

    Rotation and light curve

    2001 CC21's rotation period was first measured through photometric light curves in January 2002, which showed a periodicity of 5.02 hours.[7] Observations in 2003 and 2022 secured this period and refined it to 5.0247±0.0001 hours.[10][6] 2001 CC21 significantly varies in brightness by 0.8–1.1 magnitudes as it rotates, which indicates it has an elongated shape.[6][9]

    Exploration

    In September 2020, a mission extension for JAXA's Hayabusa2 asteroid sample return probe was selected to do additional flybys of two near-Earth asteroids: 2001 CC21 in July 2026 and a rendezvous with 1998 KY26 in July 2031.[8][9] Hayabusa2 will flyby within 100 km (62 mi) of 2001 CC21 at a very high relative speed of 5 km/s (3.1 mi/s), which will pose a challenge for the spacecraft's navigation and tracking capabilities during the encounter.[9]

    See also

    References
    1. "(98943) = 1982 VE13 = 2001 CC21". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
    2. Spahr, Timothy B. (9 February 2001). "MPEC 2001-C19 : 2001 CC21". Minor Planet Electronic Circular. Minor Planet Center. 2001-C19. Bibcode:2001MPEC....C...19T. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
    3. "Small-Body Database Lookup: 98943 (2001 CC21)" (2023-03-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
    4. Wright, E.; Masiero, J.; Mainzer, A. (October 2023). Preliminary Thermophysical Modeling of NEOWISE data on the Hayabusa2# Flyby Target 2001 CC21. 55th Annual DPS Meeting Joint with EPSC. Vol. 55. San Antonio, Texas. 107.03.
    5. Geem, Jooyeon; Ishiguro, Masateru; Granvik, Mikael; Naito, Hiroyuki; Akitaya, Hiroshi; Sekiguchi, Tomohiko; et al. (April 2023). "Spectral Type and Geometric Albedo of (98943) 2001 CC21, the Hayabusa2# Mission Target". arXiv:2304.02917 [astro-ph.EP].
    6. "LCDB Data for (98943) 2001 CC21". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
    7. Pravec, Petr. ""Prepublished" periods of asteroids". Ondrejov Asteroid Photometry Project. Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
    8. Hirabayashi, M.; Mimasu, Y.; Sakatani, N.; Watanabe, S.; Tsuda, Y.; Saiki, T.; et al. (August 2021). "Hayabusa2 extended mission: New voyage to rendezvous with a small asteroid rotating with a short period". Advances in Space Research. 68 (3): 1533–1555. arXiv:2104.08660. Bibcode:2021AdSpR..68.1533H. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2021.03.030. S2CID 233297066.
    9. Yoshikawa, Makoto; Mimasu, Yuya; Tanaka, Satoshi; Hirabayashi, Masatoshi; Saiki, Takanao; Nakazawa, Satoru; Tsuda, Yuichi; et al. (3 April 2023). Hayabusa2 Extended Mission : Hayabusa2#. 8th IAA Planetary Defense Conference. Vienna, Austria. p. 15. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023.
    10. Ries, J. G.; Varadi, F.; Barker, E. S.; Shelus, P. J. (September 2006). Photometry of Near Earth Asteroids at McDonald Observatory (PDF). New Horizons in Astronomy: Frank N. Bash Symposium. Vol. 352. ASP Conference Series. p. 4. Bibcode:2006ASPC..352..273G.
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