203 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892

The 203 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 was a Russian naval gun developed in the years before the Russo-Japanese War that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life as coastal artillery. It is believed none were in service during World War II.[2]

203 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892
Aft sponson 203 mm gun aboard the cruiser Rossia
TypeNaval gun
Coastal artillery
Place of originRussian Empire
Service history
In service1895-1920's
Used byRussian Empire
WarsRusso-Japanese War
World War I
Russian Civil War
Production history
Designed1892
Produced1895
Specifications
Mass12.1 t (13.3 short tons)
Length9.1 m (29 ft 10 in)
Barrel length7.5 m (24 ft 7 in)
ShellSeparate loading bagged charge and projectile
Shell weight87.8 kg (194 lb)
Caliber203 mm (8.0 in) 45 caliber
Elevation-5° to +18°
Traverse-135° to +135°
Muzzle velocity744–899 m/s (2,440–2,950 ft/s)
Maximum firing range16 km (9.9 mi) at +18°[1]

History

The 203 mm 45 caliber was designed in 1892 and soon went into production. The initial order was for twenty guns and by May 1901 thirteen had been completed. Production was restarted in 1915 to replace worn out guns and nine more were delivered. A follow-up order for seventeen to be completed in 1917-18 was placed, but not completed due to the October Revolution of 1917. In addition to the guns used aboard ships eight were installed in two coastal artillery batteries of four guns each on the islands of Nargen and Mäkiluoto.[1]

The 203 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 guns armed armored cruisers, gunboats and pre-dreadnought battleships of the Imperial Russian Navy built or refit between 1892 and 1916.[1]

Armored cruisers
  • Bayan-class - This class of four ships primary armament consisted of two, 203 mm 45 caliber guns, in single turrets fore and aft.
  • Rurik-class - The primary armament of Gromoboi consisted of four, 203 mm 45 caliber guns, in single mounts. Two were in casemates fore and two casemates aft for Gromoboi. The primary armament of Rossia consisted of four, 203 mm 45 caliber guns, in single mounts. Two were in casemates fore and two were on sponsons aft for Rossia.

Gunboats
  • Khrabryy - The primary armament of this ship consisted of two, shielded, single mount, 203 mm 45 caliber guns, in forward sponsons.

Pre-dreadnought battleships
  • Imperator Aleksandr II - This ships secondary armament consisted of five, 203 mm 45 caliber guns, in single mounts, after a 1904 refit.

Ammunition

Ammunition was of separate loading type with a bagged charge and projectile. The charge weighed 29–32 kg (64–71 lb).

The gun was able to fire:

  • Imperial Russian armoured cruiser Gromoboi.
    Imperial Russian armoured cruiser Gromoboi.
  • Imperial Russian cruiser Rossiya.
    Imperial Russian cruiser Rossiya.
  • Crew of armored cruiser Bayan.
    Crew of armored cruiser Bayan.

References
  • Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-84832-100-7.

Notes
  1. Friedman, Norman (1 January 2011). Naval weapons of World War One. Seaforth. ISBN 9781848321007. OCLC 786178793.
  2. DiGiulian, Tony. "Russia / USSR 8"/45 (20.3 cm) Pattern 1892 - NavWeaps". www.navweaps.com. Retrieved 9 April 2017.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.