32nd Canadian Parliament

The 32nd Canadian Parliament was in session from April 14, 1980, until July 9, 1984. The membership was set by the 1980 federal election on February 18, 1980, and it only changed slightly due to resignations and by-elections prior to being dissolved before the 1984 election.

32nd Parliament of Canada
Majority parliament
14 April 1980  9 July 1984
Parliament leaders
Prime
Minister
Pierre Trudeau
March 3, 1980 (1980-03-03) June 30, 1984 (1984-06-30)
John Turner
June 30, 1984 (1984-06-30) September 17, 1984 (1984-09-17)
Cabinets22nd Canadian Ministry
23rd Canadian Ministry
Leader of the
Opposition
Joe Clark
March 3, 1980 (1980-03-03) February 1, 1983 (1983-02-01)
Erik Nielsen (interim)
February 2, 1983 (1983-02-02) August 28, 1983 (1983-08-28)
Brian Mulroney
August 29, 1983 (1983-08-29) September 16, 1984 (1984-09-16)
Party caucuses
GovernmentLiberal Party
OppositionProgressive Conservative Party
RecognizedNew Democratic Party
UnrecognizedSocial Credit Party*
* Only in the Senate.
House of Commons

Seating arrangements of the House of Commons
Speaker of the
Commons
Jeanne Sauvé
April 14, 1980 (1980-04-14) January 15, 1984 (1984-01-15)
John Allen Fraser
January 16, 1984 (1984-01-16) November 4, 1984 (1984-11-04)
Government
House Leader
Yvon Pinard
March 3, 1980 (1980-03-03) June 29, 1984 (1984-06-29)
André Ouellet
June 30, 1984 (1984-06-30) July 9, 1984 (1984-07-09)
Opposition
House Leader
Walter Baker
April 14, 1980 (1980-04-14) September 8, 1981 (1981-09-08)
Erik Nielsen
September 9, 1981 (1981-09-09) February 8, 1983 (1983-02-08)
Doug Lewis
February 9, 1983 (1983-02-09) September 6, 1983 (1983-09-06)
Erik Nielsen (2nd time)
September 7, 1983 (1983-09-07) April 5, 1984 (1984-04-05)
Ray Hnatyshyn
April 6, 1984 (1984-04-06) July 9, 1984 (1984-07-09)
Members282 MP seats
List of members
Senate

Seating arrangements of the Senate
Speaker of the
Senate
Jean Marchand
March 4, 1980 (1980-03-04) December 15, 1983 (1983-12-15)
Maurice Riel
December 16, 1983 (1983-12-16) November 1, 1984 (1984-11-01)
Government
Senate Leader
Ray Perrault
March 3, 1980 (1980-03-03) September 29, 1982 (1982-09-29)
Bud Olson
September 30, 1982 (1982-09-30) June 29, 1984 (1984-06-29)
Allan MacEachen
June 30, 1984 (1984-06-30) September 16, 1984 (1984-09-16)
Opposition
Senate Leader
Jacques Flynn
January 1, 1980 (1980-01-01) January 1, 1984 (1984-01-01)
Senators104 senator seats
List of senators
Sovereign
MonarchElizabeth II
6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022
Sessions
1st session
April 14, 1980 (1980-04-14) – November 30, 1983 (1983-11-30)
2nd session
December 7, 1983 (1983-12-07) – July 4, 1984 (1984-07-04)
 31st  33rd

It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority, led first by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and the 22nd Canadian Ministry, and then by Prime Minister John Turner and the 23rd Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Progressive Conservative Party, led first by Joe Clark, and then Brian Mulroney.

The Speaker was Jeanne Sauvé then Cyril Lloyd Francis. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1976-1987 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were two sessions of the 32nd Parliament:

Session Start End
1st April 14, 1980 November 30, 1983
2nd December 7, 1983 July 9, 1984

Party standings

The party standings as of the election and as of dissolution were as follows:

Affiliation House members Senate members[1]
1980 election
results
At dissolution On election
day 1980[2]
At dissolution
Liberal 147 135 71 74
Progressive Conservative 103 100 27 23
New Democratic 32 31 0 0
Independent 0 1 2 4
Independent Liberal 0 0 1 1
Social Credit 0 0 1 0
Total members 282 267 102 92
Vacant 0 15 2 2
Total seats 282 104

* After dissolution but before turning over power, Prime Minister John Turner filled ten of the Senate vacancies with Liberal members, for a total caucus of 74.

Members of the House of Commons

Members of the House of Commons in the 32nd parliament arranged by province.

Newfoundland

Riding Member Political party
  Bonavista—Trinity—Conception Dave Rooney Liberal
  Burin—St. George's Roger Simmons Liberal
  Gander—Twillingate George Baker Liberal
  Grand Falls—White Bay—Labrador Bill Rompkey Liberal
  Humber—Port au Port—St. Barbe Brian Tobin Liberal
  St. John's East James McGrath Progressive Conservative
  St. John's West John Crosbie Progressive Conservative

Prince Edward Island

Riding Member Political party
  Cardigan Daniel J. MacDonald
to September 30, 1980 (death)
Liberal
  Bennett Campbell
from April 13, 1981
Liberal
  Egmont George Henderson Liberal
  Hillsborough Thomas McMillan Progressive Conservative
  Malpeque Melbourne Gass Progressive Conservative

Nova Scotia

Riding Member Political party
  Annapolis Valley—Hants Pat Nowlan Progressive Conservative
  Cape Breton Highlands—Canso Allan MacEachen Liberal
  Cape Breton—East Richmond David Dingwall Liberal
  Cape Breton—The Sydneys Russell MacLellan Liberal
  Central Nova Elmer MacKay Progressive Conservative
  Brian Mulroney* Progressive Conservative
  Cumberland—Colchester Robert Coates Progressive Conservative
  Dartmouth—Halifax East Michael Forrestall Progressive Conservative
  Halifax Gerald Regan Liberal
  Halifax West Howard Crosby Progressive Conservative
  South Shore Lloyd Crouse Progressive Conservative
  South Western Nova Coline Campbell Liberal
* Elmer MacKay resigned his seat to give new Tory leader Brian Mulroney a place in the Commons after an August 1983 by-election.

New Brunswick

Riding Member Political party
  Carleton—Charlotte Fred McCain Progressive Conservative
  Fundy—Royal Robert Corbett Progressive Conservative
  Gloucester Herb Breau Liberal
  Madawaska—Victoria Eymard Corbin Liberal
  Moncton Gary McCauley Liberal
  Northumberland—Miramichi Maurice Dionne Liberal
  Restigouche Maurice Harquail Liberal
  Saint John Mike Landers Liberal
  Westmorland—Kent Roméo LeBlanc Liberal
  York—Sunbury J. Robert Howie Progressive Conservative

Quebec

Riding Member Political party
  Abitibi René Gingras Liberal
  Argenteuil Robert Gourd Liberal
  Beauce Normand Lapointe Liberal
  Beauharnois–Salaberry Gérald Laniel Liberal
  Bellechasse Alain Garant Liberal
  Berthier–Maskinongé Antonio Yanakis Liberal
  Blainville–Deux-Montagnes Francis Fox Liberal
  Bonaventure–Îles-de-la-Madeleine Rémi Bujold Liberal
  Bourassa Carlo Rossi Liberal
  Chambly Raymond Dupont Liberal
  Champlain Michel Veillette Liberal
  Charlesbourg Pierre Bussières Liberal
  Charlevoix Charles Lapointe Liberal
  Châteauguay Ian Watson Liberal
  Chicoutimi Marcel Dionne Liberal
  Dollard Louis Desmarais Liberal
  Drummond Yvon Pinard Liberal
  Duvernay Yves Demers Liberal
  Frontenac Léopold Corriveau Liberal
  Gamelin Arthur Portelance Liberal
  Gaspé Alexander Cyr Liberal
  Gatineau René Cousineau Liberal
  Hochelaga–Maisonneuve Serge Joyal Liberal
  Hull Joseph Isabelle Liberal
  Joliette Roch La Salle* Progressive Conservative
  Jonquière Gilles Marceau Liberal
  Kamouraska—Rivière-du-Loup Rosaire Gendron Liberal
  Labelle Maurice Dupras Liberal
  Lac-Saint-Jean Pierre Gimaïel Liberal
  Lachine Roderick Blaker Liberal
  Langelier J. Gilles Lamontagne Liberal
  La Prairie Pierre Deniger Liberal
  Lasalle John Campbell Liberal
  Laurier David Berger Liberal
  Laval Marcel-Claude Roy Liberal
  Laval-des-Rapides Jeanne Sauvé Liberal
  Lévis Raynald Guay Liberal
  Gaston Gourde** Liberal
  Longueuil Joseph Mario Jacques Olivier Liberal
  Lotbiniere Jean-Guy Dubois Liberal
  Louis-Hébert Dennis Dawson Liberal
  Manicouagan André Maltais Liberal
  Matapédia–Matane Pierre de Bané Liberal
  Mégantic–Compton–Stanstead Claude Tessier Liberal
  Mercier Céline Hervieux-Payette Liberal
  Missisquoi André Bachand Liberal
  Montmorency Louis Duclos Liberal
  Mount Royal Pierre Trudeau Liberal
  Notre-Dame-de-Grâce Warren Allmand Liberal
  Outremont Marc Lalonde Liberal
  Papineau André Ouellet Liberal
  Pontiac-Gatineau-Labelle Thomas Lefebvre Liberal
  Portneuf Rolland Dion Liberal
  Québec-Est Gérard Duquet Liberal
  Richelieu Jean-Louis Leduc Liberal
  Richmond Alain Tardif Liberal
  Rimouski Eva Côté Liberal
  Roberval Suzanne Beauchamp-Niquet Liberal
  Rosemont Claude-André Lachance Liberal
  Saint-Denis Marcel Prud'homme Liberal
  Saint-Henri–Westmount Don Johnston Liberal
  Saint-Hyacinthe Marcel Ostiguy Liberal
  Saint-Jacques Jacques Guilbault Liberal
  Saint-Jean Paul-André Massé Liberal
  Saint-Léonard–Anjou Monique Bégin Liberal
  Saint-Maurice Jean Chrétien Liberal
  Saint-Michel Marie Thérèse Killens Liberal
  Sainte-Marie Jean-Claude Malépart Liberal
  Shefford Jean Lapierre Liberal
  Sherbrooke Irénée Pelletier Liberal
  Témiscamingue Henri Tousignant Liberal
  Terrebonne Joseph-Roland Comtois Liberal
  Trois-Rivières Claude G. Lajoie Liberal
  Vaudreuil Harold Herbert Liberal
  Verchères Bernard Pierre Loiselle Liberal
  Verdun Pierre Savard Liberal
* Roch La Salle resigned from parliament on March 17, 1981, to become leader of Quebec's Union Nationale party. After this party suffered a major defeat in the 1981 Quebec election, La Salle resigned as leader and was re-elected to his old position in an August 17 by-election.
** Raynald Guay left parliament on August 29, 1980, and was replaced by Gaston Gourde in a May 4, 1981, by-election.

Ontario

Riding Member Political party
  Algoma Maurice Foster Liberal
  Beaches Neil Young New Democrat
  Brampton—Georgetown John McDermid Progressive Conservative
  Brant Derek Blackburn New Democrat
  Broadview—Greenwood Bob Rae New Democrat
  Lynn McDonald* New Democrat
  Bruce—Grey Gary Gurbin Progressive Conservative
  Independent Progressive Conservative from December 17, 1981 to January 28, 1982
  Progressive Conservative
  Burlington Bill Kempling Progressive Conservative
  Cambridge Chris Speyer Progressive Conservative
  Cochrane Keith Penner Liberal
  Davenport Charles Caccia Liberal
  Don Valley East David Smith Liberal
  Don Valley West John Bosley Progressive Conservative
  Durham—Northumberland Allan Lawrence Progressive Conservative
  Eglinton—Lawrence Roland de Corneille Liberal
  Elgin John Wise Progressive Conservative
  Erie Girve Fretz Progressive Conservative
  Essex—Kent Robert Daudlin Liberal
  Essex—Windsor Eugene Whelan Liberal
  Etobicoke Centre Michael Wilson Progressive Conservative
  Etobicoke North Roy MacLaren Liberal
  Etobicoke—Lakeshore Ken Robinson Liberal
  Glengarry—Prescott—Russell Denis Éthier Liberal
  Grey—Simcoe Gus Mitges Progressive Conservative
  Guelph James Schroder Liberal
  Haldimand—Norfolk Bud Bradley Progressive Conservative
  Halton Otto Jelinek Progressive Conservative
  Hamilton East John Carr Munro Liberal
  Hamilton Mountain Ian Deans New Democrat
  Hamilton—Wentworth Geoffrey Scott Progressive Conservative
  Hamilton West Lincoln Alexander Progressive Conservative
  Stanley Hudecki** Liberal
  Hastings—Frontenac William Vankoughnet Progressive Conservative
  Huron—Bruce Murray Cardiff Progressive Conservative
  Kenora—Rainy River John Mercer Reid Liberal
  Kent Maurice Bossy Liberal
  Kingston and the Islands Flora MacDonald Progressive Conservative
  Kitchener Peter Lang Liberal
  Lambton—Middlesex Ralph Ferguson Liberal
  Lanark—Renfrew—Carleton Paul Dick Progressive Conservative
  Leeds—Grenville Thomas Cossitt Progressive Conservative
  Jennifer Cossitt*** Progressive Conservative
  Lincoln Bryce Mackasey Liberal
  London East Charles Turner Liberal
  London West Judd Buchanan Liberal
  Jack Burghardt Liberal
  London—Middlesex Garnet Bloomfield Liberal
  Mississauga North Douglas Fisher Liberal
  Mississauga South Donald Blenkarn Progressive Conservative
  Nepean—Carleton Walter Baker Progressive Conservative
  Niagara Falls Al MacBain Liberal
  Nickel Belt Judy Erola Liberal
  Nipissing Jean-Jacques Blais Liberal
  Northumberland George Hees Progressive Conservative
  Ontario Thomas Fennell Progressive Conservative
  Oshawa Ed Broadbent New Democrat
  Ottawa—Carleton Jean-Luc Pépin Liberal
  Ottawa Centre John Evans Liberal
  Ottawa West Cyril Lloyd Francis Liberal
  Ottawa—Vanier Jean-Robert Gauthier Liberal
  Oxford Bruce Halliday Progressive Conservative
  Parkdale—High Park Jesse Flis Liberal
  Parry Sound—Muskoka Stan Darling Progressive Conservative
  Perth William Jarvis Progressive Conservative
  Peterborough Bill Domm Progressive Conservative
  Prince Edward—Hastings Jack Ellis Progressive Conservative
  Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke Len Hopkins Liberal
  Rosedale David Crombie Progressive Conservative
  Sarnia Bud Cullen Liberal
  Sault Ste. Marie Ron Irwin Liberal
  Scarborough Centre Norm Kelly Liberal
  Scarborough East Gordon Gilchrist Progressive Conservative
  Scarborough West David Weatherhead Liberal
  Simcoe North Doug Lewis Progressive Conservative
  Simcoe South Ronald Stewart Progressive Conservative
  Spadina Peter Stollery Liberal
  Dan Heap†† NDP
  St. Catharines Joseph Reid Progressive Conservative
  St. Paul's John Roberts Liberal
  Stormont—Dundas Ed Lumley Liberal
  Sudbury Douglas Frith Liberal
  Thunder Bay—Atikokan Paul McRae Liberal
  Thunder Bay—Nipigon Jack Masters Liberal
  Timiskaming Bruce Lonsdale Liberal
  John MacDougall ††† Progressive Conservative
  Timmins—Chapleau Ray Chénier Liberal
  Trinity Aideen Nicholson Liberal
  Victoria—Haliburton William Scott Progressive Conservative
  Waterloo Walter Maclean Progressive Conservative
  Welland Gilbert Parent Liberal
  Wellington—Dufferin—Simcoe Perrin Beatty Progressive Conservative
  Willowdale Jim Peterson Liberal
  Windsor West Herb Gray Liberal
  Windsor—Walkerville Mark MacGuigan Liberal
  York Centre Bob Kaplan Liberal
  York East David Collenette Liberal
  York North John A. Gamble Progressive Conservative
  York—Scarborough Paul Cosgrove Liberal
  York South—Weston Ursula Appolloni Liberal
  York—Peel Sinclair Stevens Progressive Conservative
  York West James Fleming Liberal
* Bob Rae left parliament to become leader of the Ontario NDP and was replaced by Lynn McDonald in 1982.
** Lincoln Alexander left parliament to become head of the Worker's Compensation Board and was replaced by Stanley Hudecki in a 1980 by-election.
*** Thomas Cossitt died in office and was replaced by Jennifer Cossitt in a 1982 by-election
Judd Buchanan resigned from parliament and was replaced by Jack Burghardt in an April 13, 1981, by-election
†† Peter Stollery was appointed to the Senate and was replaced by Dan Heap in an August 17, 1981, by-election
††† Bruce Lonsdale died in office and was replaced by John MacDougall in an October 12, 1982, by-election.

Manitoba

Riding Member Political party
  Brandon—Souris Walter Dinsdale Progressive Conservative
  Lee Clark* Progressive Conservative
  Churchill Rodney Murphy New Democrat
  Dauphin Laverne Lewycky New Democrat
  Lisgar Jack Murta Progressive Conservative
  Portage—Marquette Charles Mayer Progressive Conservative
  Provencher Jake Epp Progressive Conservative
  Selkirk—Interlake Terry Sargeant New Democrat
  St. Boniface Robert Bockstael Liberal
  Winnipeg North David Orlikow New Democrat
  Winnipeg North Centre Stanley Knowles New Democrat
  Winnipeg—Assiniboine Dan McKenzie Progressive Conservative
  Winnipeg—Birds Hill Bill Blaikie New Democrat
  Winnipeg—Fort Garry Lloyd Axworthy Liberal
  Winnipeg—St. James Cyril Keeper New Democrat
* Walter Dinsdale died in office and was replaced by Lee Clark in a May 24, 1983, by-election

Saskatchewan

Riding Member Political party
  Assiniboia Leonard Gustafson Progressive Conservative
  Humboldt—Lake Centre Vic Althouse New Democrat
  Kindersley—Lloydminster Bill McKnight Progressive Conservative
  Mackenzie Stanley Korchinski Progressive Conservative
  Moose Jaw Douglas Neil Progressive Conservative
  Prince Albert Stan Hovdebo New Democrat
  Qu'Appelle—Moose Mountain Alvin Hamilton Progressive Conservative
  Regina East Simon De Jong New Democrat
  Regina West Les Benjamin New Democrat
  Saskatoon East Robert Ogle New Democrat
  Saskatoon West Ray Hnatyshyn Progressive Conservative
  Swift Current—Maple Creek Frank Hamilton Progressive Conservative
  The Battlefords—Meadow Lake Douglas Anguish New Democrat
  Yorkton—Melville Lorne Nystrom New Democrat

Alberta

Riding Member Political party
  Athabasca Jack Shields Progressive Conservative
  Bow River Gordon Taylor Progressive Conservative
  Calgary Centre Harvie Andre Progressive Conservative
  Calgary East John Kushner Progressive Conservative
  Calgary North Frederick Wright Progressive Conservative
  Calgary South John Thomson Progressive Conservative
  Calgary West Jim Hawkes Progressive Conservative
  Crowfoot Arnold Malone Progressive Conservative
  Edmonton East William Yurko Progressive Conservative to January 29, 1982
  Independent
  Edmonton North Steve Paproski Progressive Conservative
  Edmonton South Douglas Roche Progressive Conservative
  Edmonton West Marcel Lambert Progressive Conservative
  Edmonton—Strathcona David Kilgour Progressive Conservative
  Lethbridge—Foothills Blaine Thacker Progressive Conservative
  Medicine Hat Bert Hargrave Progressive Conservative
  Peace River Albert Cooper Progressive Conservative
  Pembina Peter Elzinga Progressive Conservative
  Red Deer Gordon Towers Progressive Conservative
  Vegreville Don Mazankowski Progressive Conservative
  Wetaskiwin Kenneth Schellenberger Progressive Conservative
  Yellowhead Joe Clark Progressive Conservative

British Columbia

Riding Member Political party
  Burnaby Svend Robinson New Democrat
  Capilano Ron Huntington Progressive Conservative
  Cariboo—Chilcotin Lorne Greenaway Progressive Conservative
  Comox—Powell River Raymond Skelly New Democrat
  Cowichan—Malahat—The Islands James Manly New Democrat
  Esquimalt—Saanich Donald Munro Progressive Conservative
  Fraser Valley East Alexander Patterson Progressive Conservative
  Fraser Valley West Robert Wenman Progressive Conservative
  Kamloops—Shuswap Nelson Riis New Democrat
  Kootenay East—Revelstoke Sid Parker New Democrat
  Kootenay West Lyle Kristiansen New Democrat
  Mission—Port Moody Mark Rose New Democrat
  Gerry St. Germain* Progressive Conservative
  Nanaimo—Alberni Edward Miller New Democrat
  New Westminster—Coquitlam Pauline Jewett New Democrat
  North Vancouver—Burnaby Chuck Cook Progressive Conservative
  Okanagan North Vincent Dantzer Progressive Conservative
  Okanagan—Similkameen Frederick King Progressive Conservative
  Prince George—Bulkley Valley Robert McCuish Progressive Conservative
  Prince George—Peace River Frank Oberle, Sr. Progressive Conservative
  Richmond—South Delta Tom Siddon Progressive Conservative
  Skeena James Fulton New Democrat
  Surrey—White Rock—North Delta Benno Friesen Progressive Conservative
  Vancouver Centre Pat Carney Progressive Conservative
  Vancouver East Margaret Ann Mitchell New Democrat
  Vancouver Kingsway Ian Waddell New Democrat
  Vancouver Quadra Bill Clarke Progressive Conservative
  Vancouver South John Fraser Progressive Conservative
  Victoria Allan McKinnon Progressive Conservative
* Mark Rose left Parliament and was replaced by Gerry St. Germain in an August 29, 1983, by-election

Territories

Riding Member Political party
  Nunatsiaq Peter Ittinuar New Democrat to November 26, 1982
  Liberal (crossed the floor)
  Western Arctic Dave Nickerson Progressive Conservative
  Yukon Erik Nielsen Progressive Conservative

By-elections

By-electionDateIncumbentPartyWinnerPartyCauseRetained
Mission—Port Moody August 29, 1983 Mark Rose      New Democratic Gerry St. Germain      Progressive Conservative Resignation No
Central Nova August 29, 1983 Elmer M. MacKay      Progressive Conservative Brian Mulroney      Progressive Conservative Resignation to provide a seat for Mulroney Yes
Brandon—Souris May 24, 1983 Walter Dinsdale      Progressive Conservative Lee Clark      Progressive Conservative Death (kidney failure) Yes
Broadview—Greenwood October 12, 1982 Bob Rae      New Democratic Lynn McDonald      New Democratic Resigned to become leader of New Democratic Party of Ontario Yes
Leeds—Grenville October 12, 1982 Tom Cossitt      Progressive Conservative Jennifer Cossitt      Progressive Conservative Death (heart attack) Yes
Timiskaming October 12, 1982 Bruce Lonsdale      Liberal John A. MacDougall      Progressive Conservative Death (car accident) No
Spadina August 17, 1981 Peter Stollery      Liberal Dan Heap      New Democratic Called to the Senate No
Joliette August 17, 1981 Roch La Salle      Progressive Conservative Roch La Salle      Progressive Conservative Resignation to contest the 1981 Quebec election Yes
Lévis May 4, 1981 Raynald Guay      Liberal Gaston Gourde      Liberal Resignation Yes
London West April 13, 1981 Judd Buchanan      Liberal Jack Burghardt      Liberal Resignation Yes
Cardigan April 13, 1981 Daniel J. MacDonald      Liberal W. Bennett Campbell      Liberal Death Yes
Hamilton West September 8, 1980 Lincoln Alexander      Progressive Conservative Stan Hudecki      Liberal Resignation No

References

  1. http://www.parl.gc.ca/parlinfo/Files/Parliament.aspx?Item=0c0b85be-b98a-469e-9cf3-0cc1a9b01c97&Language=E&MenuID=Lists.Parliament.aspx&MenuQuery=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parl.gc.ca%2Fparlinfo%2FLists%2FParliament.aspx&Section=PartyStandingsSEN
  2. Members of the Canadian Senate are appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister and remain as senators until the age of 75, even if the House of Commons has been dissolved or an election has been called.
  • Government of Canada. "22nd Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
  • Government of Canada. "23rd Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
  • Government of Canada. "32nd Parliament". Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-12-20. Retrieved 2006-11-30.
  • Government of Canada. "Duration of Sessions". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2007-11-14. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
  • Government of Canada. "General Elections". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-05-04. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
  • Government of Canada. "Key Dates for each Parliament". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2005-09-14. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
  • Government of Canada. "Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
  • Government of Canada. "Party Standings (1974 to date): At the Senate". Library of Parliament. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
  • Government of Canada. "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
  • Government of Canada. "Speakers". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-09-17. Retrieved 2006-05-12.

Succession

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