5M model

The 5M model is a troubleshooting and risk-management model used for aviation safety.[1][2]

This diagram illustrates the nested/interlocking domains or factors that make up the 5M model used for troubleshooting and risk assessment, especially in traffic industries. Man, Machine, and Medium form three interlocking circles, with Mission at the intersection, and the space surrounding them representing the prevailing Management approach.

Original labels

Based on T.P. Wright's original work on the man-machine-environment triad[3] at Cornell University, the 5M model incorporates a diagram of 3 interlocking circles and one all-encompassing circle. The smaller circles are labeled Man, Machine, and Medium; the intersecting space in the middle, where they all meet, is labeled Mission; while the larger circle is labeled Management:

  • Man (people): including the physiology and psychology of those involved, as well as their performance and proficiency.
  • Machine (equipment): including the design, manufacture, maintenance, reliability, performance, etc.
  • Medium / measurement (environment, inspection): including weather, terrain, obstructions, lighting, etc.
  • Mission (purpose): the reason these three factors are brought together.
  • Management (leadership): the prevailing supervisory approach in terms of regulations, policies, procedures, and attitude involved in establishing, operating, maintaining, and decommissioning.

Expansion

These have been expanded by some to include an additional three, and are referred to as the 8 Ms:[4]

  • Material (includes raw material, consumables, and information)[5]
  • Method / mother nature (process, environment)
  • Maintenance

Other uses

This is also used in more general troubleshooting or root-cause analysis, such as with the Ishikawa diagram.[6]

References
  1. K., Cusick, Stephen; T., Wells, Alexander (2012). Commercial aviation safety. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 978-0071763059. OCLC 707964144.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. Ballesteros, J.S.A. (2016). Improving Air Safety Through Organizational Learning: Consequences of a Technology-led Model. Routledge. ISBN 978-1317118244.
  3. Stolzer, A.J.; Goglia, J.J. (3 March 2016). Safety management systems in aviation. ISBN 978-1317059837. OCLC 944186147.
  4. Bradley, Edgar (3 November 2016). Reliability engineering : a life cycle approach. ISBN 978-1498765374. OCLC 963184495.
  5. Weeden, Marcia M. (1952). Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEAs) for small business owners and non-engineers : determining and preventing what can go wrong. ISBN 0873899180. OCLC 921141300.
  6. Nathan., Crutchfield (2008). Job hazard analysis : a guide for voluntary compliance and beyond : from hazard to risk : transforming the JHA from a tool to a process. Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0080554167. OCLC 182759248.

See also
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