6615 Plutarchos

6615 Plutarchos, provisional designation 9512 P-L, is a Florian asteroid and suspected binary from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.1 kilometers in diameter. Discovered during the Palomar–Leiden survey in 1960, the asteroid was later named after the Greek philosopher Plutarch.[3] Its minor-planet moon was discovered in 2007.

6615 Plutarchos
Discovery [1]
Discovered byC. J. van Houten
I. van Houten-G.
T. Gehrels
Discovery sitePalomar Obs.
Discovery date17 October 1960
Designations
(6615) Plutarchos
Pronunciation/pluːˈtɑːrkəs/[2]
Named after
Plutarch
(Greek philosopher)[3]
9512 P-L · 1991 EW
main-belt · Flora [4]
AdjectivesPlutarchian /pluːˈtɑːrkiən/[5]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc55.42 yr (20,242 days)
Aphelion2.4440 AU
Perihelion1.8951 AU
2.1695 AU
Eccentricity0.1265
3.20 yr (1,167 days)
73.475°
0° 18m 30.24s / day
Inclination1.7970°
129.37°
81.057°
Known satellites1 (period 40.02 h)[6]
Physical characteristics
Dimensions3.11 km (calculated)[4]
3.139±0.045 km[7][8]
2.3247±0.0001 h[6]
0.24 (assumed)[4]
0.412±0.066[7][8]
S [4]
14.0[7] · 14.7[1][4] · 14.71±0.22[9]

    Discovery

    Plutarchos was discovered on 17 October 1960, by Dutch astronomer couple Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden, on photographic plates exposed by Dutch–American astronomer Tom Gehrels at Palomar Observatory in California, United States.[10]

    Palomar–Leiden survey

    The survey designation "P-L" stands for Palomar–Leiden, named after Palomar Observatory and Leiden Observatory, which collaborated on the fruitful Palomar–Leiden survey in the 1960s. Gehrels used Palomar's Samuel Oschin telescope (also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope), and shipped the photographic plates to Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden Observatory where astrometry was carried out. The trio are credited with the discovery of several thousand minor planets.[11]

    Orbit and classification

    The S-type asteroid is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest groups of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbit has an eccentricity of 0.13 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] As no precovery were taken, and no prior identifications were made, the body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Palomar in 1960.[10]

    Lightcurve and moon

    A rotational lightcurve of Plutarchos was obtained from photometric observations taken by astronomers Julian Oey, Donald Pray and Petr Pravec in April 2007. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 2.3247 hours with a brightness variation of 0.06 in magnitude, indicating a nearly spheroidal shape (U=3).[6] For an asteroid of its size, Plutarchos rotates rapidly, close to the 2.2-hour threshold spin rate for fast rotators.

    Satellite

    During the photometric observations in 2007, mutual eclipse/occultation events suggested that Plutarchos is a synchronous binary asteroid with a minor-planet moon, designated S/2007 (6615) 1, orbiting it every 40.02 hours. However, neither a diameter estimate for the suspected satellite, nor any follow-up observations have been published since 2007.[4][6]

    Diameter

    According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Plutarchos measures 3.139 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has a very high albedo of 0.412,[7][8] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the family's largest member and namesake – and calculates a diameter of 3.11 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 14.7.[4]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named for the Greek writer and Platonic philosopher Plutarch (c. AD 45–125), known for his Parallel Lives and Moralia a collection of biographies and essays, respectively. Plutarch studied mathematics and philosophy at the Academy of Athens. It is estimated that about half of his philosophical work has survived.[3] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 4 April 1996 (M.P.C. 26932).[12]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 6615 Plutarchos (9512 P-L)" (2016-03-19 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
    2. 'Plutarchus' in Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
    3. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(6615) Plutarchos". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (6615) Plutarchos. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 545. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_5989. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. "LCDB Data for (6615) Plutarchos". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 14 March 2017.
    5. "Plutarchian". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
    6. Oey, Julian; Pray, Donald P.; Pravec, Petr (December 2007). "6615 Plutarchos, a Suspect Binary Asteroid". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 34 (4): 101. Bibcode:2007MPBu...34..101O. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
    7. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 14 March 2017.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    9. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
    10. "6615 Plutarchos (9512 P-L)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
    11. "Minor Planet Discoverers". Minor Planet Center. 12 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
    12. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 14 March 2017.

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