779 Nina

779 Nina (prov. designation: A914 BH or 1914 UB) is a large background asteroid, approximately 80 kilometers (50 miles) in diameter, located in the central region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 25 January 1914, by Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin(1886-1946) at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.[1] The metallic X-type asteroid with an intermediate albedo has a rotation period of 11.2 hours. It was named after the discoverer's sister, Nina Neujmina (Tsentilovich) (1889–1971).[2]

779 Nina
Discovery [1]
Discovered byG. Neujmin
Discovery siteSimeiz Obs.
Discovery date25 January 1914
Designations
(779) Nina
Named after
Nina Neujmina
(Discoverer's sister)[2]
A914 BH · A908 YB
A912 TE · 1914 UB
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc103.51 yr (37,806 d)
Aphelion3.2707 AU
Perihelion2.0571 AU
2.6639 AU
Eccentricity0.2278
4.35 yr (1,588 d)
301.50°
0° 13m 36.12s / day
Inclination14.582°
283.74°
49.126°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions79.9 km × 79.9 km
Mean diameter
  • 76.62±4.0 km[7]
  • 80.572±2.220 km[8]
  • 81.27±1.00 km[9]
11.186 h[10]
  • 0.132±0.004[9]
  • 0.1440±0.016[7]
  • 0.157±0.022[8]

    Orbit and classification
    Orbital diagram of Nina

    Nina is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements.[4][5][6] It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 4 months (1,588 days; semi-major axis of 2.66 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The body's was first observed as A908 YB and A912 TE at Heidelberg Observatory on 16 December 1908 and 14 October 1912, respectively. The observation arc begins at Vienna Observatory on 31 July 1916, more than two years after to its official discovery observation at Simeiz Observatory on Crimea.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Nina Nikolaevna Neujmina (Tsentilovich) (1889–1971), mathematician and sister of Russian discoverer Grigory Neujmin(1886-1946).[2]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Bus–Binzel SMASS classification, Nina is an X-type asteroid.[3] It is also an X-type in both the Tholen- and SMASS-like taxonomy of the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2).[5][11] Belskaya classifies Nina as a metallic M-type asteroid, which is the equivalent spectral type in the Tholen taxonomy for X-types with an intermediate albedo (see below).[12][13]

    Rotation period

    In June 1981, a rotational lightcurve of Nina was obtained from photometric observations by Alan Harris at the Table Mountain and Lowell observatories. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 11.186 hours with a brightness variation of 0.25 magnitude (U=3).[10] It was confirmed by Brian Warner at his Palmer Divide Observatory (716) in Colorado in January 2009, who determined a period of 11.17±0.01 hours with an amplitude of 0.32±0.02 magnitude (U=3).[15][lower-alpha 1] In September 2012, French amateur astronomer Gérald Rousseau obtained a period of 11.556±0.002 hours with an amplitude of 0.06 magnitude (U=2+).[16]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), and the Japanese Akari satellite, Nina measures (76.62±4.0), (80.572±2.220) and (81.27±1.00) kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of (0.1440±0.016), (0.157±0.022) and (0.132±0.004), respectively.[7][8][9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts Petr Pravec's revised WISE-albedo of 0.1694 and takes a diameter of 77.46 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 8.1.[13][14] The WISE team also published an alternative mean-diameter of (77.000±6.578 km) with an albedo of (0.1740±0.0559).[13] On 10 November 2005, an asteroid occultation of Nina gave a best-fit ellipse dimension of (79.9 km × 79.9 km), with a quality rating of 2. These timed observations are taken when the asteroid passes in front of a distant star.[5]

    Notes
    1. Lightcurve plot of (779) Nina, Palmer Divide Observatory, Brian Warner (2009). Rotation period 11.17±0.01 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.32±0.02 mag. Quality code is 3. Summary figures at the LCDB.

    References
    1. "779 Nina (A914 BH)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(779) Nina". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 73. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_780. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 779 Nina (A914 BH)" (2020-01-31 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    4. "Asteroid 779 Nina – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    5. "Asteroid 779 Nina". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    6. Zappalà, V.; Bendjoya, Ph.; Cellino, A.; Farinella, P.; Froeschle, C. (1997). "Asteroid Dynamical Families". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-5-DDR-FAMILY-V4.1. Retrieved 1 April 2020. (PDS main page)
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    8. Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    9. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    10. Harris, A. W.; Young, J. W.; Dockweiler, Thor; Gibson, J.; Poutanen, M.; Bowell, E. (January 1992). "Asteroid lightcurve observations from 1981". Icarus. 95 (1): 115–147. Bibcode:1992Icar...95..115H. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(92)90195-D. ISSN 0019-1035.
    11. Lazzaro, D.; Angeli, C. A.; Carvano, J. M.; Mothé-Diniz, T.; Duffard, R.; Florczak, M. (November 2004). "S3OS2: the visible spectroscopic survey of 820 asteroids" (PDF). Icarus. 172 (1): 179–220. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..179L. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.06.006. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    12. Belskaya, I. N.; Fornasier, S.; Tozzi, G. P.; Gil-Hutton, R.; Cellino, A.; Antonyuk, K.; et al. (March 2017). "Refining the asteroid taxonomy by polarimetric observations". Icarus. 284: 30–42. Bibcode:2017Icar..284...30B. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2016.11.003. ISSN 0019-1035.
    13. "LCDB Data for (779) Nina". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    14. Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus. 221 (1): 365–387. Bibcode:2012Icar..221..365P. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026.
    15. Warner, Brian D. (July 2009). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2008 December - 2009 March" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 36 (3): 109–116. Bibcode:2009MPBu...36..109W. ISSN 1052-8091. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
    16. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (779) Nina". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
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