7p22.1 microduplication syndrome

7p22.1 microduplication syndrome (also called Trisomy 7p22.1) is a genetic disorder which is characterized by cranial and facial dysmorphisms, intellectual disability, and motor-speech delays.[1] It is caused by a duplication of the p22.1 region of chromosome 7.

7p22.1 microduplication syndrome
Other namesTrisomy 7p22.1
SpecialtyMedical genetics
Symptomsintellectual disabilities, speech and motor delay, facial dysmorphisms
Usual onsetBirth
DurationLife-long
CausesDuplication of the p22.1 region in chromosome 7

Signs and symptoms

The symptoms of this syndrome are (but are not limited to) cranio-facial dysmorphisms such as macrocephaly, frontal bossing, low-set ears, hypertelorism, etc., intellectual disabilities, speech and motor delays, and heart, ocular, renal and skeletal defects (such as patent foramen ovale {heart} or brachydactyly type D {skeletal} ).[2]

Causes

This condition (as the name implies) is caused by a 430 kB duplication of the p22.1 region of chromosome 7.[3] This mutation is autosomal recessive, meaning that a baby would need 1 copy of a mutated gene from both parents in order to show symptoms of the disorder.

Epidemiology

Only 60 cases of 7q22.1 microduplication syndrome have been recorded in medical literature.[4]

References

  1. Caselli, Rossella; Ballarati, Lucia; Vignoli, Aglaia; Peron, Angela; Recalcati, Maria Paola; Catusi, Ilaria; Larizza, Lidia; Giardino, Daniela (2015-11-01). "7p22.1 microduplication syndrome: Clinical and molecular characterization of an adult case and review of the literature". European Journal of Medical Genetics. 58 (11): 578–583. doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.08.003. ISSN 1769-7212. PMID 26297194.
  2. RESERVED, INSERM US14-- ALL RIGHTS. "Orphanet: 7p22.1 microduplication syndrome". www.orpha.net. Retrieved 2022-04-30.
  3. Caselli, Rossella; Ballarati, Lucia; Vignoli, Aglaia; Peron, Angela; Recalcati, Maria Paola; Catusi, Ilaria; Larizza, Lidia; Giardino, Daniela (November 2015). "7p22.1 microduplication syndrome: Clinical and molecular characterization of an adult case and review of the literature". European Journal of Medical Genetics. 58 (11): 578–583. doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.08.003. ISSN 1878-0849. PMID 26297194.
  4. Goitia, Veronica; Oquendo, Marcial; Stratton, Robert (2015-03-29). "Case of 7p22.1 Microduplication Detected by Whole Genome Microarray (REVEAL) in Workup of Child Diagnosed with Autism". Case Reports in Genetics. 2015: e212436. doi:10.1155/2015/212436. ISSN 2090-6544. PMC 4393924. PMID 25893121.
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