A♭ (musical note)

A (A-flat; also called la bémol) is the ninth semitone of the solfège.

{ \new Staff \with{ \magnifyStaff #3/2 } << \time 2/1 \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f { \clef bass aes1_A-flat \clef treble aes'_A-flat } >> }

It lies a diatonic semitone above G and a chromatic semitone below A, thus being enharmonic to G, even though in some musical tunings, A will have a different sounding pitch than G.

When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of the A above middle C (or A4) is approximately 415.305 Hz. See pitch (music) for a discussion of historical variations in frequency.

The notes A and G are the only notes to have only one enharmonic, since they cannot be reached in any other way by a single or double sharp or a single or double flat from any of the seven white notes.

Designation by octave

Scientific designation Helmholtz designation Octave name Frequency (Hz)
A−1A͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵A or AAAAOctocontra12.978
A0A͵͵ or ͵͵A or AAASubcontra25.957
A1A͵ or ͵A or AAContra51.913
A2AGreat103.826
A3aSmall207.652
A4aOne-lined415.305
A5aTwo-lined830.609
A6aThree-lined1661.219
A7aFour-lined3322.438
A8aFive-lined6644.875
A9aSix-lined13289.75
A10aSeven-lined26579.501

Scales

Common scales beginning on A

  • A major: A B C D E F G A
  • A natural minor: A B C D E F G A
  • A harmonic minor: A B C D E F G A
  • A melodic minor ascending: A B C D E F G A
  • A melodic minor descending: A G F E D C B A

Diatonic scales

  • A Ionian: A B C D E F G A
  • A Dorian: A B C D E F G A
  • A Phrygian: A Bdouble flat C D E F G A
  • A Lydian: A B C D E F G A
  • A Mixolydian: A B C D E F G A
  • A Aeolian: A B C D E F G A
  • A Locrian: A Bdouble flat C D Edouble flat F G A

Jazz melodic minor

See also


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