ARPC4

Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARPC4 gene.[5][6][7]

ARPC4
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesARPC4, ARC20, P20-ARC, actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4
External IDsOMIM: 604226 MGI: 1915339 HomoloGene: 4177 GeneCards: ARPC4
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

10093

68089

Ensembl

ENSG00000241553

ENSMUSG00000079426

UniProt

P59998

P59999

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_005718
NM_001024959
NM_001024960
NM_001198780

NM_001170485
NM_001170486
NM_026552

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001020130
NP_001020131
NP_001185709
NP_005709

NP_001163956
NP_001163957
NP_080828

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 9.79 – 9.81 MbChr 6: 113.36 – 113.37 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes one of seven subunits of the human Arp2/3 protein complex. The Arp2/3 protein complex has been implicated in the control of actin polymerization in cells and has been conserved through evolution. The exact role of the protein encoded by this gene, the p20 subunit, has yet to be determined. Three transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.[7]

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of ARPC4 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Arpc4tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[13][14] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.[15][16][17]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[11][18] Twenty six tests were carried out on mutant mice and two significant abnormalities were observed.[11] No homozygous mutant embryos were identified during gestation, and therefore none survived until weaning. The remaining tests were carried out on heterozygous mutant adult mice; no additional significant abnormalities were observed in these animals.[11]

Interactions

ARPC4 has been shown to interact with ARPC5.[19][20]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000241553 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000079426 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Welch MD, DePace AH, Verma S, Iwamatsu A, Mitchison TJ (August 1997). "The human Arp2/3 complex is composed of evolutionarily conserved subunits and is localized to cellular regions of dynamic actin filament assembly". J. Cell Biol. 138 (2): 375–84. doi:10.1083/jcb.138.2.375. PMC 2138188. PMID 9230079.
  6. Machesky LM, Reeves E, Wientjes F, Mattheyse FJ, Grogan A, Totty NF, Burlingame AL, Hsuan JJ, Segal AW (1997). "Mammalian actin-related protein 2/3 complex localizes to regions of lamellipodial protrusion and is composed of evolutionarily conserved proteins". Biochem. J. 328 ( Pt 1) (1): 105–12. doi:10.1042/bj3280105. PMC 1218893. PMID 9359840.
  7. "Entrez Gene: ARPC4 actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 4, 20kDa".
  8. "Dysmorphology data for Arpc4". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  9. "Salmonella infection data for Arpc4". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  10. "Citrobacter infection data for Arpc4". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  11. Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x. S2CID 85911512.
  12. Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  13. "International Knockout Mouse Consortium".
  14. "Mouse Genome Informatics".
  15. Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
  16. Dolgin E (2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
  17. Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247. S2CID 18872015.
  18. van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW (2011). "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism". Genome Biol. 12 (6): 224. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224. PMC 3218837. PMID 21722353.
  19. Millard TH, Behrendt B, Launay S, Fütterer K, Machesky LM (2003). "Identification and characterisation of a novel human isoform of Arp2/3 complex subunit p16-ARC/ARPC5". Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 54 (1): 81–90. doi:10.1002/cm.10087. PMID 12451597.
  20. Zhao X, Yang Z, Qian M, Zhu X (2001). "Interactions among subunits of human Arp2/3 complex: p20-Arc as the hub". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 280 (2): 513–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.4151. PMID 11162547.

Further reading

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