Academy of Painting (Santiago, Chile)

Academy of Painting (Spanish: Academia de Pintura), also known as the School of Fine Arts of Santiago (Spanish: Escuela de Bellas Artes de Santiago), was a Chilean art school, founded on March 17, 1849 in Santiago, Chile.[1][2][3] The school produced many works for the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts, where it once was located.[4][5] In 1932, it merged with and is now known as the Department of Visual Arts within the Arts Faculty, University of Chile.

Academy of Painting, Santiago
Academia de Pintura
Address
Santiago, Chile
Information
Other namesDepartment of Visual Arts, Arts Faculty, University of Chile
Former namesSchool of Fine Arts of Santiago, Escuela de Bellas Artes
School typeFine art school
EstablishedMarch 17, 1849
Former Parque Forestal location of the school, circa 1934. Now the location of the Santiago Museum of Contemporary Art.
Former Parque Forestal location of the school, circa 1934. Now the location of the Santiago Museum of Contemporary Art.

History

The creation of the Academy of Painting was part of the educational plan of President Manuel Bulnes.[6] The academy was originally located in the building belonging to the San Felipe University, in what is today the Municipal Theatre of Santiago. The school name changed to Escuela de Bellas Artes from 1891 until 1932. Various changes led the academy to merge with the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts (Spanish: Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes) in 1910, and then later to hand its administration over to the University of Chile in 1932.[6]

The Academy of Painting would produce the country of Chile's first national artists. Despite the significance of the academy, some art historians criticized the early period (1849 to 1915) as one of the dullest in the history of Chilean art and have based their criticism on first Director Alejandro Ciccarelli's attempt to copy the European model of teaching art.[5]

Notable people

It would be the starting point for some of the most prominent Chilean painters, including the four great masters of Chilean painting, Pedro Lira, Juan Francisco González, Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma,[7] and Alberto Valenzuela Llanos; their pupils; and also the future “Generación del 13” (13 Generation) painting collective.[8] Notable academy students included Antonio Smith, Elisa Berroeta, Cosme San Martín, Onofre Jarpa, and Manuel Antonio Caro.[4][9]

Directors

The academy's early Directors were Europeans, the Neapolitan artist Alejandro Ciccarelli;[10] the German artist Ernst Kirchbach;[10] and the Florentine Giovanni "Juan" Mochi.[6] The first Chilean to hold the Director position was Cosme San Martín.[11]

See also

References
  1. Romera, Antonio (1976). Historia de la Pintura Chilena (PDF). Santiago: Editorial Del Pacific S. A.
  2. "Academia de Pintura - Artistas Visuales Chilenos". Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  3. Vázquez, Oscar E. (2020-05-28). Academies and Schools of Art in Latin America. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-18753-4.
  4. Schell, Patience A. "Relics and Selves: Iconographies of the National in Argentina, Brazil and Chile, 1880-1890, High Art and High Ideals: The Museo Nacional de Pintura and the Development of Art in Chile, 1870-1890". University of London, Birkbeck. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  5. Ripamonti Montt, Valentina (2010). "Academia de Pintura en Chile: Anhelo de Cambio y Tradición Republicana". Intus-Legere Historia. 4 (1): 127–156.
  6. "Academia de Pintura (1849-)". Memoria Chilena: Portal (in Spanish). Memoria Chilena, Biblioteca Nacional de Chile (National Heritage Service). Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  7. "Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma - Artistas Visuales Chilenos". Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  8. "Generación del 13 - Artistas Visuales Chilenos". Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  9. Ramírez, Verónica; Romo, Manuel; Ulloa, Carla (2017). Antología Crítica de Mujeres en la Prensa Chilena del Siglo XIX [Critical Anthology of Women in the Chilean Press 19th century] (in Spanish). Ñuñoa. ISBN 978-9562609821.
  10. "Alessandro Ciccarelli - Artistas Visuales Chilenos". Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  11. "Cosme San Martín - Artistas Visuales Chilenos, AVCh, MNBA". Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  12. Schell, Patience A. "Relics and Selves: Iconographies of the National in Argentina, Brazil and Chile, 1880-1890, Pedro Lira, Painter and Critic". University of London, Birkbeck. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  13. "Virginio Arias". Portal de Arte (Portal of Art). Archived from the original on 2022-12-22. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  14. "Memorias de Fernando Álvarez de Sotomayor". SciELO - Scientific electronic library online (in Spanish). Universum. 2018. ISSN 0718-2376. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
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