Acanthocalycium thionanthum

Acanthocalycium thionanthum is a species of Acanthocalycium from Argentina.[1]

Acanthocalycium thionanthum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Genus: Acanthocalycium
Species:
A. thionanthum
Binomial name
Acanthocalycium thionanthum
(Speg.) Backeb. 1935
Synonyms
  • Echinocactus thionanthus Speg. 1905
  • Echinopsis thionantha (Speg.) D.R.Hunt 1987

Description

Acanthocalycium thionanthum usually grows individually with spherical to short cylindrical, dark green to green-grey shoots and reaches a height of up to 12 centimeters with a diameter of 10 centimeters. There are 9 to 15 round ribs that are slightly notched and bumpy. From the elliptical areoles arise submissive, gray thorns that have a darker tip. There are 1 to 4 central spines, which can also be absent, and 5 to 10 radial spines.

The somewhat bell-shaped flowers are bright yellow to red or white. They have a length of up to 4.5 centimeters and have the same diameter. Your pericarpel and the flower tube are covered with dark pointed scales and brown to white hair and bristles. The spherical, hard-fleshed fruits tear open and reach a diameter of up to 1 centimeter.[2]

Subspecies

Recognized subspecies:[3]

ImageScientific nameDistribution
Acanthocalycium thionanthum subsp. glaucum (F.Ritter) LodéArgentina
Acanthocalycium thionanthum subsp. ferrarii (Rausch) Schlumpb.Argentina (Tucumán).
Acanthocalycium thionanthum subsp. thionanthumArgentina

Distribution

Acanthocalycium thionanthum is widespread in the Argentine provinces of Salta, Tucumán and Catamarca at altitudes of 1500 to 3000 meters.

Taxonomy

The first description as Echinocactus thionanthus by Carlos Luis Spegazzini was published in 1905.[4] Curt Backeberg placed the species in the genus Acanthocalycium in 1936.[5] The specific epithet thionanthum is derived from the Greek words theion for 'sulfur' and anthos for 'flower' and refers to the flower color of the species. Further nomenclature synonyms are Lobivia thionantha (Speg.) Britton & Rose (1922), Echinopsis thionantha (Speg.) Werderm. (1931) and Echinopsis thionantha (Speg.) D.R.Hunt (1987).

References
  1. "Acanthocalycium thionanthum in Tropicos".
  2. Anderson, Edward F.; Eggli, Urs; Anderson, Edward F. (2005). Das große Kakteen-Lexikon (in German). Stuttgart (Hohenheim): Ulmer. p. 68. ISBN 3-8001-4573-1.
  3. "Acanthocalycium thionanthum (Speg.) Backeb. — Plants of the World Online". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-09-17.
  4. Aires., Museo Nacional de Buenos (1905). "Anales del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires". Impr. de Juan A. Alsina. Retrieved 2023-09-17.
  5. "Au Cactus Francophone :". Au Cactus Francophone (in French). Retrieved 2023-09-17.
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