Mendefera
Mendefera (Tigrinya: መንደፈራ), formerly Adi Ugri, is an ancient town which is now the capital city of the Southern Region or Zoba Debub of Eritrea.[1] The town's name derives from the high hill in the center of the city and it means that "who dared it" (in English) or "መን ደፈራ"( in Tigrinya) as it was a jungle and is a source of pride to Eritreans. The city is a reminder of the local anti-colonial movement.
Mendefera | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Road signs in Mendefera | |
  Mendefera Location in Eritrea | |
| Coordinates: 14°53′14″N 38°48′55″E | |
| Country |  Eritrea |
| Region | Debub |
| District | Mendefera |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Eskyas Wubet |
| Elevation | 1,972 m (6,470 ft) |
| Population (2012) | |
| • Town | 63,492 |
| • Metro | 64,000 |
| Climate | BSh |
History
Mendefera/Adi-ugri is an ancient town of the D'mt kingdom which was established as early as the fifth (5th) century BCE.[2] It evolved into an important city in the Aksumite civilisation. Though satisfactory excavations have not yet been made, a graveyard dating back to the 2nd century BCE has been found. It contained skeletons, pottery, necklace and bronze bracelets. Numerous buildings have been excavated since 1959, with both crosses and local and Roman coins found. Many areas, including tombs, have yet to be explored.
The town is now bustling market town in a fertile region of Eritrea. It is a place where small and large scale factories produce different products.
Mendefera is famous for its anticolonial movement during the Italian colonial administration and is a great fighter contributor of the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) as it is home to one of the oldest schools in Eritrea, San Giorgio School.
Villages
Some villages in the vicinity of Mendefera include Adi-Bari (ዓዲ ባሪ), Zban ona (ዝባንዑና), Adi-ugri (ዓዲ ወግሪ), Berak (በራኽ), Adi-Gahad (ዓዲ ጋህድ), Dandere genet (ዳንዴረ ገነት), Adi-Zarna (ዓዲ ዛርና), Adi-Blay (ዓዲ ብላይ), Adi-Hare (ዓዲ ሓረ), Enda amanuel (አንዳ ኣማኑኤል), Mai Noh (ማይኖህ), Embezarb (እምበዛርብ), Kudofelasi (ኩዶፈላሲ), Adi-Ada (ዓዲ ዓዳ), Deranto (ደርዓንቶ), Adi Bana (ዓዲ ባና), Adi Garma (ዓዲ ጋርማ), Adekemene (ዓደቀመነ), May Lbus (ማይልቡስ), Adi Groto (ዓዲ ጉረቶ), Kloawlia (ክለዉሊዕ), Ginebale (ጊነባለ), Adekeseyemti (ዓደቀሰየምቲ), Kefta (ከፍታ), Adewehaza (ዓደዉሓዛ), Egri mekel (እግሪመኸል), Adi-Mongotiy (ዓዲ ሞንጎቲ), and Arato (አረቶ).[3].
Climate
Mendefera has a borderline climate that borders both on a cool semi-arid climate (BSk) and a subtropical highland climate (Cwb). Except during the humid wet season of July and August when heavy cloud cover depresses temperatures by around 5 °C or 9.0 °F, daytime temperatures are very warm to hot; however, the thin, dry air means that mornings are pleasantly cool throughout the year.
| Climate data for Mendefera | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 27.8 (82.0) |
28.5 (83.3) |
30.0 (86.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
29.5 (85.1) |
28.2 (82.8) |
23.3 (73.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.5 (81.5) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.6 (79.9) |
27.3 (81.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) |
9.2 (48.6) |
11.1 (52.0) |
12.0 (53.6) |
12.7 (54.9) |
12.6 (54.7) |
11.7 (53.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
12.2 (54.0) |
9.7 (49.5) |
8.6 (47.5) |
8.1 (46.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0 (0) |
4 (0.2) |
12 (0.5) |
28 (1.1) |
41 (1.6) |
57 (2.2) |
190 (7.5) |
189 (7.4) |
50 (2.0) |
11 (0.4) |
16 (0.6) |
4 (0.2) |
602 (23.7) |
| Source: Climate-Data[4] | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- One World-Nations Online, All countries of the world, Map of Eritrea
- Dr.Federica,Crivellellero. " Archeologists in Eritrea target unfunded ' rescue excavations, Sudan Tribun Dec 5,2004
- Emnetu Eritrea, List of Eritrean Villages, Seraye-Mendefera p18
- "Climate-Data : Eritrea". Retrieved 11 July 2013.