Afraad

Afraad (The Fourth Brigade) (Somali: Afraad, Arabic: افراد) was better known as 'Ciil Tire" Brigade was one of the major units of the Western Somali Liberation Front.[1] Afraad's initial objective was to liberate Somalis living in Somali Region of Ethiopia as part of the 1977 Ogaden War. The commander of this division was Mr Mohamed Ali of Isaaq (Isaaq) Somali clan. The Fourth Brigade operated in the Ogaden region until Somali Nation Army exit of the war in late 1978.[2] After the withdrawal of the Somali Army of the Ogaden region, most of the WSLF leadership were either exited or house arrested by the military government of Somalia.[3]

2nd division commanders of the WSLF's 3rd Brigade -"Gaaskii Horyaal" Mohamed Farah Dalmar Yusuf "Mohamed Ali"

As the WSLF movement was restricted inside Somalia.[2] In mid 1980st, most of the WLSF members regroup and created Ogaden National Liberation Front in 1984 to free themselves from the Somali government leadership control.[4]

References

Woldemariam, Michael (2018). Insurgent Fragmentation in the Horn of Africa. Cambridge University Press.
De Waal, Alexander (1991). Evil Days: Thirty Years of War and Famine in Ethiopia. Human Rights Watch.
Lewis, I. M (1994). Blood and Bone. Red Sea Press.
Zartman, Jacob Blaustein Professor of International Organization and Conflict Resolution and Director of African Studies I. William (1995). Collapsed States: The Disintegration and Restoration of Legitimate Authority. Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-55587-560-2.

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[1] Woldemariam, Michael (2018). Insurgent Fragmentation in the Horn of Africa. Cambridge University Press.

[:0-2] De Waal, Alexander (1991). Evil Days: Thirty Years of War and Famine in Ethiopia. Human Rights Watch.

[:1-3] Lewis, I. M (1994). Blood and Bone. Red Sea Press.

[4] Zartman, Jacob Blaustein Professor of International Organization and Conflict Resolution and Director of African Studies I. William (1995). Collapsed States: The Disintegration and Restoration of Legitimate Authority. Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 978-1-55587-560-2.