Agnes Leonard Hill
Agnes Leonard Hill (née, Leonard; pen names, Mollie Myrtle and Garth Godfrey; January 20, 1842 – January 20, 1917) was an American journalist, newspaper founder and publisher, as well as an author and poet, an evangelist and a social reformer. Born in Louisville, Kentucky, her mother died when Hill was a small child, and with her father remaining unmarried, and very indulgent, Hill led a roving, gypsy sort of life, following her own inclinations, and studying persons rather than books. From earliest childhood, she evinced a fondness for writing.[1]
Agnes Leonard Hill | |
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| Born | Agnes Leonard January 20, 1842 Louisville, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Died | January 20, 1917 (aged 75) Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
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| Language | English |
| Nationality | American |
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| Children | 4 |
As an adult, Hill lived in Chicago, Illinois and Denver, Colorado. She wrote editorials for various newspapers of those cities and states. Hill was the author of Vanquished, Heights and Depths, Hints on How to Talk, Myrtle Blossoms, Said Confidentially, What Makes Social Leadership, Who are the Vulgar?, How to Give Gifts Acceptably, Evidences of Reincarnation, Christian Science vs. Commons Sense, and The Coming Religion. Widowed twice, she made a living from her writing,[2] but she is also remembered for her evangelism in the United States and England, her lectures on literature, and her outreach to convicts in penitentiaries, jails, and prisons.
Hill was regarded as one of the noted writers, poets, and evangelists in the U.S. and was considered by many as an authority on social customs and correct behavior. She was honored in the U.S., France and Germany for her writings.[3]
Early life and education
Agnes Leonard was born in Louisville, Kentucky, January 20, 1842.[4][5] Her parents were Dr. Oliver Langdon Leonard, a native of Springfield, Massachusetts, and Agnes Howard (Sayle) Leonard, of Virginian parentage, who died in Louisville, leaving three children.[6]
On the paternal side, she was descended from the English Earls of Sussex, one of whose house came to New England in early colonial days and in gratitude for his safe landing, named his first child born on American soil "Preserved", and this name was given to the oldest son for several generations. One of these, Preserved Leonard, married Joanna Langdon, daughter of John Langdon (q.v.), presiding officer of the first U. S. senate and a signer of the constitution, and they were the grandparents of our subject. Her first American ancestor on the maternal side was Louis Francois Phillip Jacob Copeland Irion (later spelled Arion), a French nobleman who settled in Virginia during the French Revolution.[5]
Hill's father, Dr. Oliver Langdon Leonard, was for many years celebrated as a "mathematician." He practiced medicine in the city of Louisville for many years; yet desiring to give his children the best possible educational advantages under his direct supervision,[5] he gave up his practice as a physician, and took charge of the Masonic College in La Grange, Kentucky, just before the Civil War, and was afterwards President of the Henry Female College, at New Castle, Kentucky. He also founded the Inductive Academy at Lexington, Kentucky. He evolved from Pestalozzi's theories a method of education which he defined as "teaching a child to grow his own thoughts rather than repeat, parrot-like, the thoughts of others".[5] His views concerning education were somewhat peculiar and very original.[7]
After her mother's death, while Hill was just a young girl, she made her home with an aunt whose husband was at that time British ambassador to the United States. Here, members of the English nobility were frequently entertained.[8] By her father, Hill was taught to write before she could read, and could write a letter at the age of five years, and before she knew a printed letter. She studied Algebra and the elementary principles of Geometry when she was seven years of age, and when she was only thirteen, began to write for the press. Her first article was a short effort at versification, which was published in the Louisville Courier-Journal and noticed by George D. Prentice, as follows:[7]
A young girl, twelve years of age, sends us a piece of poetry, written when she was only ten. Though hardly worthy to be published, it indicates the existence of a bud of genius, which, properly cultivated, will expand into a glorious flower.
Soon after this, her name became well known as subscribed to verses, sketches and short stories, published in the New York Weekly, The Knickerbocker, and several Chicago papers.[5] In her early girlhood, she published three books, but did not consider any of them worthy of preservation.[6] In 1862, she graduated from Henry Female College.[5][6]
Career
Journalist and author
In the beginning of the war, my father's family were for the Union. In Chicago, I had abundant opportunity to become acquainted with the Northern people. I came hither with a girlish devotion to glorious ideals of Northern men and women, such as I fancied must be the result of Northern advantages. I expected to find social culture combined with the highest intellectual attainment. I anticipated the generosity that belongs to greatness. With my heart loving the South, my mind expected to do all honor to Northern advantages and intellect. I was bitterly disappointed. The taunts and outrages of the North, and the sorrows of my beloved South, bring me a sobbing child to the old home, and henceforth I labor for her honor and glory.[7]
In 1863,[6] during the Civil War, Dr. Leonard and family removed to Chicago; he died there in 1864. Hill was motherless, and as the family had property in Chicago, she remained there.[7] In that first year, 1863, a collection of Hill's earlier efforts appeared in book form, under the title of Myrtle Blossoms.[2] There was nothing unusual in the volume, the merit being of a negative order. Some of the poems were very good; one critic saying: "These poems are so harmonious, as almost to set themselves to music." "After the Battle!" is one of the best poems of the volume.[7]
Carleton & Co., of New York City, published in 1867 a volume of Hill's entitled Vanquished.[2][7]
Her first work as an editorial writer was on the Chicago Times, in 1854, under the regime of Wilbur F. Storey. In 1867, she contributed to it a series of articles, entitled "Men, Women, and Beasts".[7] She continued to be associated with the Chicago Times through 1895.[9] She also did editorial work for at least five other Chicago papers. Hill was an editorial contributor to the Chicago Tribune, Chicago Inter Ocean, and Chicago News (beginning in 1876).[9] She served as editor of Sorosis (1868–69), a Chicago suffrage paper devoted to the interests of woman,[7][9] and The Elite News (Chicago).[5][9][10]
By 1870, she was writing for the Louisville Sunday Courier.[7] In 1871, Heights and Depths, a novel, was published.[2]
Removing to Colorado in the 1880s, Hill assisted her brother, Percy Allan Leonard, who was engaged in newspaper work in the West. Many of her poems, stories and philosophical studies were published in The Daily Dispatch of Leadville, Colorado (1886–92),[9] the Chaffee County Times of Buena Vista, Colorado (associate editor,[11] 1880–86),[9] and several other publications owned by Percy. She also contributed to leading Denver newspapers,[5] and was a contributor of verse and prose to Eastern magazines and newspapers.[10]
In Denver, in December 1888, she established the weekly paper, Western Society,[9] and in Chicago in 1890, Home and Society. The province of the latter was to cultivate love of home, and to educate for success in an honest and ennobling society.[6][9][12] Both publications dealt with ethical subjects and emphasized the importance of good manners.[5]
What Makes Social Leadership was written in 1892 and published in 1893.[13] The Coming Religion was published in 1900. A book on conversation entitled Hints on How to Talk (Chicago, R.R. Donnelly & Sons Co.) was published in 1901. Of it, she said:— "This book is the out-growth of both pain and pleasure, the pain of enforced proximity to stupid, commonplace, and uninteresting people, and the occasional pleasure of meeting 'choice spirits', whose presence makes the romance of existence."[14] A second book of verse, Said Confidentially was published in 1902.[2] How to Give Gifts Acceptably and Evidences of Reincarnation were both published in 1903.[1] Some of her writings appeared under the pseudonym "Mollie Myrtle" and also "Garth Godfrey",[15][16][17] but later, under her own name.[7] She left many unpublished writings to be arranged by her children.[5]
Evangelist and reformer
Evangelical work was an important part of Hill's activities. She was assistant pastor of St. Paul's Universalist Church in Chicago from 1896 through 1905.[2][10][5] In April 1896, she began a series there entitled, "Talks on American Authors".[18] The following month, she spoke on "The Gospel of Good Form".[19]
She also temporarily occupied various pulpits in Colorado, Illinois, and Connecticut. Hill went to England and France in 1904-05 and while in England, held a pastorate in a Congregational church at Wollaston.[1] She also founded a children's temperance society and mission in England. Hill did much prison work; she spoke to convicts in penitentiaries, and visited jails and prisons in different parts of the United States.[5]
As a lecturer, Hill was held in high esteem, among her themes being English and American literature, and social questions in their various aspects. She lectured at the University of Denver and other places.[6] Before her arrival, it was announced that she would attend and speak at the Friends yearly meeting in Wichita, Kansas in October 1915, and that she would also delivered some lectures on social education in Wichita after the meeting ended.[3] In 1916, she lectured on temperance and education in the West and South U.S. and gave several courses of parlor lectures.[5] In February of that year, an Oklahoma newspaper referred to as a "Social Educator", her chief claim to distinction in this area being the fact that she was able to reduce the science of good form to certain fundamental laws, thereby establishing a standard or code of conduct. From years of study and a wealth of social experience in the U.S. and abroad, Hill became qualified to speak along the line of social ideals. In these lectures, she collected rulings and principles governing courteous relationship with society.[8]
Personal life
She was twice married. Her first marriage occurred October 29, 1868, to Dr. Simeon Edwin Scanland, formerly of Kentucky;[7] there was one child by this union, Edith S. Scanland. Dr. Scanland died in April, 1871. Her second marriage occurred May 15, 1872, to Samuel Howe Hill of Bangor, Maine, a grandson of Samuel Gridley Howe, of Boston, and related to Elias Howe, inventor of the sewing machine. There were three children of the marriage: Percy Leonard Hill, Marie Olive Hill, and Agnes Leonard Hill (Mrs. William Arthur Veyce).[5][6]
Hill died at Presbyterian hospital in Chicago, January 20, 1917.[5] She was survived by her four children, and was buried at Oak Woods Cemetery.[20]
Selected works
- Hints on How to Talk, 1891
Novels
- Vanquished, 1866 (text)
- Heights and Depths, 1871
Poetry
- Myrtle Blossoms, 1863
- Said Confidentially, 1902
Pamphlets[21]
- What Makes Social Leadership, 1892
- Who are the Vulgar?
- How to Give Gifts Acceptably
Metaphysical books
- Evidences of Reincarnation
- Christian Science vs. Commons Sense
- The Coming Religion, 1900
References
Citations
- Alderman, Harris & Kent 1910, p. 198.
- Kaser 2011, p. 448.
- "Writer and Poet". The Wichita Beacon. Wichita, Kansas. October 2, 1915. p. 8. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- Herringshaw 1915, p. 622.
- White 1921, p. 308.
- Willard & Livermore 1893, p. 379.
- Raymond 1870, p. 87.
- "Nationally Known Lecturer Visits Edmond". Edmond Sun. February 24, 1916. pp. 1, 4. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- Okker 2008, p. 192.
- Leonard & Marquis 1903, p. 695.
- "Notes About Women". Chicago Inter Ocean. Chicago. November 28, 1885. p. 11. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- "Literary Miscellany". Muncie Evening Press. September 10, 1890. p. 4. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- Iversen 1999, p. 107.
- "Current Literature". Chicago Inter Ocean. January 2, 1892. p. 10. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- Adams 1904, p. 185.
- Hagar 1912, p. 653.
- Warner 2008, p. 264.
- "Announcements". Chicago Tribune. April 20, 1896. p. 5. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- "Mrs. Leonard to Be the Speaker". Chicago Tribune. April 20, 1896. p. 9. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- "Death Notices". Chicago Tribune. January 22, 1917. p. 11. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- Public Library Bulletin 1893, p. 19.
Attribution
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Adams, Oscar Fay (1904). A Dictionary of American Authors (Public domain ed.). Houghton, Mifflin. ISBN 9780781208420.- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Alderman, Edwin Anderson; Harris, Joel Chandler; Kent, Charles W. (1910). Library of Southern Literature. Vol. 15 (Public domain ed.). Martin and Hoyt Company.
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Hagar, George Jotham (1912). Everybody's cyclopedia: a concise and accurate compilation of the world's knowledge. Vol. 2 (Public domain ed.). Syndicate publishing company.
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Herringshaw, Thomas William (1915). Herringshaw's American Blue Book Of Biography : Prominent Americans of 1915 (Public domain ed.). American Publishers' Association.
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Leonard, John William; Marquis, Albert Nelson (1903). Who's who in America. Vol. 3 (Public domain ed.). A.N. Marquis.
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Public Library Bulletin (1893). Public Library Bulletin. Vol. 3–5 (Public domain ed.). Denver, Colorado: Public Library Bulletin.
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Raymond, Ida (1870). Southland Writers: Biographical and Critical Sketches of the Living Female Writers of the South ; with Extracts from Their Writings (Public domain ed.). Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger.
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: White, J. T. (1921). The National Cyclopædia of American Biography: Being the History of the United States as Illustrated in the Lives of the Founders, Builders, and Defenders of the Republic, and of the Men and Women who are Doing the Work and Moulding the Thought of the Present Time. Vol. 17 (Public domain ed.). J. T. White.
- This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Willard, Frances Elizabeth; Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice (1893). "Agnes Leonard Hill". A Woman of the Century: Fourteen Hundred-seventy Biographical Sketches Accompanied by Portraits of Leading American Women in All Walks of Life (Public domain ed.). Charles Wells Moulton.
Sources
- Iversen, Kristen (1999). Molly Brown: Unraveling the Myth. Big Earth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-55566-237-0.
- Kaser, James A. (2011). The Chicago of Fiction: A Resource Guide. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8108-7724-5.
- Okker, Patricia (June 1, 2008). Our Sister Editors: Sarah J. Hale and the Tradition of Nineteenth-century American Women Editors. University of Georgia Press. ISBN 978-0-8203-3249-9.
- Warner, Charles Dudley (2008). A Library of the World's Best Literature - Ancient and Modern - Vol.XLII (Forty-Five Volumes); Dictionary of Authors (A-J). Cosimo, Inc. ISBN 978-1-60520-249-5.
External links
Works related to Woman of the Century/Agnes Leonard Hill at Wikisource