Agnes Tschetschulin

Agnes Tschetschulin (24 February 1859 – 23 April 1942) was a Finnish composer[1][2][3] and violinist who toured internationally.

Agnes Tschetschulin

Tschetschulin was born in Helsinki[4] to Feodor and Hilda Eckstein Tschetschulin. She had three sisters: Maria, Melanie, and Eugenie. Hilda hosted salons with musical performances and discussions.[5] Feodor owned a steamboat company. After his death in 1871,[6] his oldest daughter Maria Tschetschulin became the first woman in Finland to attend the University of Helsinki, where she hoped to gain the skills she needed to help support her family.

Agnes Tschetschulin studied music at the Helsinki Music Institute (today the Sibelius Academy) from 1882 to 1885, where she was one of the first four graduates.[5] She received a grant from the Finnish government to travel to Berlin[7] to study at the Königliche Hochschule für Musik (today the Berlin University of the Arts). Her teachers included Woldemar Bargiel (the half-brother of Clara Schumann) Heinrich von Herzogenberg,[5] Ernst Joachim, Joseph Joachim, Gustav Niemann, Anton Sitt, Philipp Spitta, Martin Wegelius, and Emanuel Wirth.

After finishing school, Tschetschulin spent several years touring with an all-female string quartet[8] organized by Marie Soldat, who played first violin. Tschetschulin played second violin, Gabriele Roy played viola and Lucy Campbell played cello. The group was managed by the Herman Wolff Agency, which also managed the Berlin Philharmonic. The group was billed as the world's first all-female professional string quartet.[5]

In 1892, Tschetschulin began teaching violin at the Cheltenham Ladies' College in England.[9] In 1904, she became a British citizen and moved to London to work as a freelance musician. She returned to Finland during World War I, then emigrated to Stockholm, where she lived until her death in 1942. She was buried in Stockholm with her longtime companion, pianist Tora Hwass (1861–1918).[5]

Tschetschulin's music was published by N. Simrock[5] and Skandinavisk Musikforlag.[10] Her compositions include:

Chamber
  • Alla Zingaresca (violin and piano)[11][12]
  • Berceuse (violin and piano)[13]
  • Puszta Film
  • Romance (violin and piano)[5]
  • Valse gracieuse

Orchestral
  • Britain's Sons (march)[5]
  • Gavotte (violin and orchestra or piano)[14]
  • March of the Boys of Vöyri

Piano
  • March for the Finnish Guard on its return from war 1877–78 (also arranged for wind band)[5]
  • Stemmingsbillede (Mood Picture)[10]
  • Valse gracieuse[5]

Vocal
  • at least three lieder[5]
  • Prayer[15]

References
  1. Stern, Susan (1978). Women composers : a handbook. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-1138-3. OCLC 3844725.
  2. Hixon, Donald L. (1993). Women in music : an encyclopedic biobibliography. Don A. Hennessee (2nd ed.). Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-2769-7. OCLC 28889156.
  3. Wier, Albert Ernest (1938). The Macmillan Encyclopedia of Music and Musicians. Macmillan.
  4. "Tschetschulin, Agnes". KVAST. 18 February 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
  5. "A celebration of historical Finnish women who wrote music, Part 2: Agnes Tschetschulin". FMQ. 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
  6. Tschetschulin, Agnes. "geni.com". Retrieved 20 May 2021.
  7. Björkstrand, Carita (1999). Kvinnans ställning i det finländska musiksamhället: utbildningsmöjligheter och yrkesvillkor för kvinnliga organister, musikpedagoger och solister 1890–1939 (in Swedish). Åbo Akademi University Press. ISBN 978-951-765-012-0.
  8. Ehrlich, A. (1893). Berühmte Geiger der Vergangenheit und Gegenwart: eine Sammlung von 88 Biographien und Portraits (in German). A. H. Payne.
  9. Alfthan, Märta von (1966). Seitsemän vuosikymmentä: Naisasialiitto Unionin historiaa (in Finnish). Unioni Naisasialiitto Suomessa.
  10. "Category:Tschetschulin, Agnes – IMSLP: Free Sheet Music PDF Download". imslp.org. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
  11. The Strad. Orpheus. 1902.
  12. Catalog of Copyright Entries: Musical compositions. Library of Congress, Copyright Office. 1939.
  13. Cohen, Aaron I. (1987). International encyclopedia of women composers (Second edition, revised and enlarged ed.). New York. ISBN 0-9617485-2-4. OCLC 16714846.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  14. Bachmann, Alberto (1925). An Encyclopedia of the Violin. D. Appleton. ISBN 978-0-306-80004-7.
  15. Sutro, Florence Edith Clinton (1895). Women in Music and Law. Author's Publishing Company.
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