Agrément

Agrément, in international affairs, is the agreement by a state to receive members of a diplomatic mission from a foreign country.

Not to be confused with Agreement (disambiguation).

In this procedure, the posting state formally requests consent, via a demande d'agréation, from the receiving state before appointing a diplomat to the receiving state.[1] If the nominated diplomat is acceptable to the receiving state, the receiving state gives agrément.[2]

The arriving diplomat carries a letter of accreditation, normally called the letter of credence or lettre de créance, from the posting state to the head of state of the receiving state, when arriving in the receiving state. This is presented to the head of state of the receiving state, and the diplomat is thereby accepted as a member of the diplomatic corps of the receiving state and added to a diplomatic list. The designated person enjoys diplomatic immunity in the receiving state.

As codified by the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, the state receiving the designated diplomat may refuse agrément without giving a reason, making the designated diplomat "persona non grata".[3] The absence of a timely agrément is often seen as a signal to designate a different individual.[4][5]

References
  1. "NOTE CIRCULAIRE SUR L'ACCRÉDITATION D'UN CHEF DE MISSION DIPLOMATIQUE EN BELGIQUE" (PDF). Kingdom of Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs. 15 April 2011.
  2. "He's Willkommen in Germany: Berlin Gives Green Light to Obama's Ambassador Pick". SPIEGEL ONLINE, Hamburg. Retrieved 2017-07-26.
  3. VanOpdorp, Davis (6 March 2019). "What does it mean to be declared persona non grata?". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  4. Horton, Scott (2009-07-29). "Ambassadorships for Sale". Browsings - The Harper's Blog. Harper's Magazine.
  5. Crowley, Michael (2022-02-11). "Puzzle in Ukraine Crisis: Where's the U.S. Ambassador?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-02-13.
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