Agua Raiz

Agua Raiz, Spanish for "Water root" as named in the 1860 Census, it was one of the 19th century Pima Villages, located along the Gila River, near the modern site of Sacate Village, Arizona in what is now the Gila River Indian Community in Pinal County, Arizona.[1]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1860523—
U.S. Decennial Census[2]

Agua Raiz appeared once on the 1860 U.S. Census in what was then Arizona County, New Mexico Territory. It was identified as "Aqua Rais" with a population of 523, all Pima Indians.[3] It was the 3rd largest community recorded (2nd largest native village behind Arenal) in Arizona County (Tucson being the largest).

History

Agua Raiz was first referred to as La Agua in a Mexican army report in 1825, and it had a population of 600 Pima people.[4] It was named Arizo del Aqua in the Indian Agency census of 1858 and 1859, possibly a mistake of Rizo del Agua, "Ripple of the Water", it had a population of 770 (1858) and 518 (1859).[5][6] It had a population of 523 in the official 1860 Census.[7]

References
  1. "John P. Wilson, Peoples of the Middle Gila: A Documentary History of the Pimas and Maricopas, 1500s–1945, Researched and Written for the Gila River Indian Community, Sacaton, Arizona, 1998 (revised July 1999) Report No. 77, Las Cruces, New Mexico, pp. 73, 140" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  2. "U.S. Decennial Census". Census.gov. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  3. "Territory of New Mexico. Population by age and sex. 1860" (PDF). census.gov. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  4. Wilson, People of the Middle Gila, pp. 71–73.
  5. G. Bailey, Special Agent Indian Department, Report 77, Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, accompanying The Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior, For the Year 1858, Wm. A. Harris, Printer, Washington, 1858, pp. 202–08. A report about the Indians of the so called Territory of Arizona, including census tables of the Maricopas, Pimas and Papagos furnished by Lieutenant A. B. Chapman, First Dragoons, U. S. Army.
  6. Wilson, People of the Middle Gila, pp. 153–54
  7. Wilson, People of the Middle Gila, p. 166

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