Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya

'Aqā'id al-Nasafi, a short summary of the authentic Muslim beliefs by Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi. 'Aqā'id is the plural of 'aqidah, which means, religious belief, creed, or theology. This short treatise has gained much popularity and acceptance amongst the Islamic community because of its comprehensive summary of the beliefs of Islam.[6][7][8]

In this work, Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi closely followed Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi's formulations in his Tabsirat al-Adilla.[9][10]

Al-Nasafi compiled and enumerated some 60 points of belief, each one of them being established directly or indirectly by a Qur'anic verse or a authentic Hadith. Although written from the perspective of the Maturidi school of theology, there is a consensus about all the fundamental beliefs mentioned in its pages amongst the Sunni scholars and they have only differed on a few of the subsidiary issues dealt with in this work. Many commentaries have been written on this work differing in size;[11] among them are:[10]

• Al-Durra Sharh 'Aqa'id al-Nasafi (Arabic: الدرة شرح عقائد النسفي) by Ibn al-Nafis (d. 687/1288).
• Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya (Arabic: شرح العقائد النسفية) by Shams al-Din Abu al-Thana' al-Isfahani (d. 749/1348).
• Al-Qala'id Sharh al-'Aqa'id (Arabic: القلائد شرح العقائد) by Jamal al-Din al-Qunawi (d. 770/1369).

One of the most popular was the commentary written by Sa'd al-Din al-Taftazani (d. 792/1390).[2] Since then, it has been taught in Islamic schools and seminaries throughout the world, particularly in Central and South Asia.[12]

In 1988, Syed Naquib al-Attas put forward the 'Aqā'id al-Nasafi manuscript as the oldest Malay manuscript with the date of authorship established as 1590 CE (998 AH), during the era of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah's rule in Aceh (1589–1604). Like most religious manuscripts in the early stages, this manuscript was a translation from Arabic to Malay and this text was written in both languages, with the translated text written below the lines of the original text in Arabic.[13][14][15]

Book cover of Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by al-Taftazani (d. 792/1390) with the Takhrij of its Hadiths by Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (d. 911/1505).

Al-Taftazani started the book by praising Ash'aris after criticizing the Mu'tazilis. Part of his intention when he wrote this commentary was to thoroughly refute the Ahl al-Batil (the people of falsehood), such as the Mu'tazila, the Karramiyya, the Khawarij, the Philosophers, etc. Though his commentary in parts reflects an Ash'ari-Maturidi synthesis, the main framework was Ash'ari theology.[5]

Arabic manuscript of Muhammad b. Ahmad b. 'Ali al-Buhuti al-Hanbali (d. 1088/1678)'s commentary on the Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by al-Taftazani (d. 792/1390).

Al-Taftazani's commentary is the oldest manuscript copied on the territory of Macedonia. The scribe Muhammad ibn Sinan mentioned that he had copied it in Skopje, in the madrasa (school) of Isa Bey, in 926/1519.[16]

There have been many scholars and theologians who have written glosses and notes on al-Taftazani's commentary, among them are the following:[3][17][2]

• 'Izz al-Din ibn Jama'a (d. 819/1416).
• Ahmad b. Musa al-Khayali (d. after 862/1458).
• Burhan al-Din al-Biqa'i (d. 885/1480), entitled al-Nukat wa al-Fawa'id 'ala Sharh al-'Aqa'id.
• Hasan Chelebi b. Muhammad Shah al-Fanari (d. 886/1481).
• Ibn al-Ghurs (d. 894/1489). He wrote two commentaries, one long and the other short.[18]
• Muslih al-Din al-Qastallani, better known as al-Kastali (d. 901/1495).
• Kamal al-Din ibn Abi Sharif (d. 905/1499-1500), entitled al-Fara'id fi Hall Sharh al-'Aqa'id.
• Ibn Qasim al-Ghazzi (d. 918/1522).
• Shaykh al-Islām Zakariyya al-Ansari (d. 926/1520), entitled Fath al-Ilah al-Majid bi-Idhah Sharh al-'Aqa'id.
• Ramadan Efendi (d. 979/1571).[19]
• 'Isam al-Din al-Isfarayini (d. 943/1536-7 or 951/1543-4).
• Ahmad al-Maqqari (d. 1041/1631), entitled Ida'at al-Dujunna fi 'Aqa'id Ahl al-Sunna.[20]
• Ibrahim al-Laqqani (d. 1041/1631).
• 'Abd al-Hakim al-Siyalkuti (d. 1067/1657).
• Muhammad b. Ahmad b. 'Ali al-Buhuti al-Khalwati al-Hanbali (d. 1088/1678), the student of Mansur al-Buhuti (d. 1051/1641) and also his nephew and son-in-law.
• Ilyas al-Kurani (d. 1138/1726).
• Sulayman ibn 'Umar al-Jamal (d. 1204/1790).[21]
• Muhammad b. Ahmad b. 'Arafa al-Disūqī (d. 1230/1815).
• Muhammad 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Farhari al-Multani (d. 1239/1824).
• Diya' al-Din Khalid al-Baghdadi (d. 1242/1827), the founder of the Khalidi branch of the Naqshbandi order.[22][23]
• Ibrahim al-Bajuri (d. 1276/1859).
• Hasan b. al-Sayyid 'Abd al-Qadir al-Juri (d. 1322/1909).[24][25]

The number of glosses (hawashi) on al-Taftazani's commentary on al-Nasafi's creed has reached around 82.[26][3]

• 'Abdullah al-Harari (d. 1429/2008).[29]
• Abdul-Malik al-Saadi.[30]
• 'Abd al-Salam ibn 'Abd al-Hadi Shannar.[31][32]
• Nidal Ibrahim Alah Rashi (Arabic: نضال إبراهيم آله رشي).[33][34]

• Aqīda Nasafiyya — A website dedicated to the study of the work ʿUmar al-Nasafī
• AKĀİDÜ’n-NESEFÎ — İslâm Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish)
• MOTURIDIYLIK TA’LIMOTINING O‘QITILISHI, TARIX VA BUGUNGI KUN — Imam Maturidi International Scientific Research Center (in Uzbek)
• Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by al-Taftazani on Goodreads
• Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by 'Abdullah al-Harari on Goodreads
• Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by Abdul-Malik al-Saadi on Goodreads