Tafsir Ibn Atiyya

Al-Muharrar al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-Kitāb al-'Aziz (Arabic: المحرّر الوجيز في تفسير الكتاب العزيز, lit. 'The Compendious Record in the Interpretation of the Mighty Book')[1] or shortly named al-Muharrar al-Wajiz (English: The Accurate and Brief Commentary),[2] better known as Tafsir Ibn 'Atiyya (Arabic: تفسير ابن عطية), is a classical Sunni tafsir of the Qur'an, authored by the Maliki-Ash'ari scholar Ibn 'Atiyya (d. 541/1147).

Al-Muharrar al-Wajiz
Cover
AuthorIbn 'Atiyya
Original titleAl-Jami' al-Muharrar al-Wajiz fi Tafsir al-Kitāb al-'Aziz
CountryAl-Andalus
LanguageArabic
SubjectTafsir
PublisherDar al-Kutub, al-'Ilmiyyah, Beirut
Publication date
2011
Pages3048
ISBN978-2-7451-3211-6

It can be identified as the exegesis that amalgamates Tafsir bi al-Ma'thur (tradition-based interpretation) with Tafsir bi al-Ra'y (reason-based interpretation). But, generally, it is considered as Tafsir bi al-Ma'thur (interpretation based on traditions or reports).[3]

Methodology

Ibn 'Atiyya explains his methodology stating: “I move in this commentary according to the word order of every verse, explaining its ruling, grammatical position, linguistic function, meaning and pronunciation in different methods of recitation.”[4]

In the opening pages Ibn 'Atiyya sets forth his purpose in coming out with a new commentary: to produce a comprehensive, yet concise work, dedicated to God, which would affirm the statements made by earlier scholars, as well as those made by al-Salaf al-Salih, and which would serve as a defense against the mulhidin (atheists, agnostics, heretics, the disbelievers in God), those who reject the Islamic message, and the adherents of esoteric doctrines (ahl al-'ilm al-batin).[5]

The introduction to his Qur'an commentary was published by Arthur Jeffery (1954).[6]

Background

Ibn 'Atiyya relied on several earlier sources for his interpretation, including the following:[7]

Reception

Ibn 'Atiyya's commentary was very influential on Qur'anic commentators in later generations. His influence is clearly evident in the works of al-Qurtubi (d. 671/1272–3),[9] Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati (d. 745/1344), and 'Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi (d. 875/1470).

Al-Muharrar al-Wajiz was highly acclaimed both in and outside of Spain.[1] The book has been highly praised by Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati (d. 745/1344) and Ibn Khaldun (d. 808/1406).[10]

Ibn Khaldun describes Ibn 'Atiyya's effort as: “He summed up all Qur'anic commentaries and endeavored to include only the most accurate.”[4]

Recent historians writing in the Arabic language, especially those from the Maghreb, have often chosen Ibn Atiyya's exegesis as representative of what may be called the “typical” Andalusian tafsir, and regard its somewhat contradictory title as a useful illustration of the major contribution made by its genre to the field of 'ilm al-Qur'an (Knowledge of the Qur'an with its meanings). According to this view each major Andalusian exegesis can be said to be muharrar, in that the approach used in discussing Qur'anic verses is comprehensive and not exclusively tied to a single method.

Claude Gilliot characterizes al-Muharrar as an abridgement of previous works.[6]

About the author

Ibn 'Atiyya was the major Qur'an commentator of the generation of al-Wahidi al-Nisaburi (d. 468/1075) and his tafsir work was a turning point in the history of the genre in Andalusia and North Africa.[6]

He was a scholar of tafsir and fiqh from Granada, Al-Andalus (present-day Spain). He studied also Hadith, language and literature. He was appointed as the Qadi (judge) of Almeria during the reign of the Almoravid empire.[10]

See also

References
  1. Everett Jenkins, Jr. (2010). The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 1, 570-1500): A Comprehensive Chronology of the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. McFarland. p. 151. ISBN 9780786447138.
  2. Jane Dammen McAuliffe, ed. (2002). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʼān. Brill Publishers. p. 112. ISBN 9789004120358.
  3. Thameem Ushama (1995). Methodologies of the Quʻranic Exegesis. A.S. Noorden. p. 92. ISBN 9789830650135.
  4. "Scholar of Renown: Ibn Atiyyah". Arab News. 14 October 2002. Archived from the original on 24 August 2019.
  5. "The introduction of Tafsir Ibn 'Atiyya". Islamweb.net. Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. وقصدت فيه أن يكون جامعا وجيزا، لا أذكر من القصص إلا ما لا تنفك الآية إلا به، وأثبت أقوال العلماء في المعاني منسوبة إليهم على ما تلقى السلف الصالح -رضوان الله عليهم- كتاب الله من مقاصده العربية السليمة من إلحاد أهل القول بالرموز، وأهل القول بعلم الباطن، وغيرهم، فمتى وقع لأحد من العلماء الذين قد حازوا حسن الظن بهم لفظ ينحو إلى شيء من أغراض الملحدين، نبهت عليه
  6. Mustafa Shah; M. A. S. Abdel Haleem, eds. (2020). The Oxford Handbook of Qur'anic Studies. Oxford University Press. p. 667. ISBN 9780199698646.
  7. "المحرر الوجيز في تفسير الكتاب العزيز". www.arrabita.ma (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 12 April 2021.
  8. "المحرر الوجيز". www.albayan.ae (in Arabic). 20 April 2008. Archived from the original on 12 April 2021.
  9. "Tafsir Al-Muharrar, Tafsir Al-Quran Asal Peradaban Islam di Andalusia". tafsiralquran.id (in Indonesian). 19 January 2021. Archived from the original on 19 January 2021.
  10. University of Ibadan's Centre of Arabic Documentation (1971). Research Bulletin - Centre of Arabic Documentation, University of Ibadan, Volumes 7-8. University of Ibadan. p. 7.
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