Al-Judeira

Al-Judeira (Arabic: جديره) is a Palestinian village in the Jerusalem Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the central West Bank.

Al-Judeira
Municipality type D (Village council)
Arabic transcription(s)
 • Arabicجديره
al-Judeira in the front of the picture.
al-Judeira in the front of the picture.
Al-Judeira is located in State of Palestine
Al-Judeira
Al-Judeira
Location of Al-Judeira within Palestine
Coordinates: 31°51′30″N 35°11′52″E
Palestine grid168/140
StateState of Palestine
GovernorateJerusalem
Government
 • TypeVillage council
Population
 (2017)[1]
 • Total2,634
Name meaningThe sheep-fold[2]

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 2,634 in 2017.[1]

Toponymy

E. H. Palmer of the Palestine Exploration Fund wrote that Al-Judeira means "sheep-fold", after the Hebrew: גדרה, romanized: Gederah, "fold".[2]

Location
The barrier in northern Jerusalem, which confines al-Juderia to an enclave under Israeli control.

Al Judeira is located (horizontally) 9.3 kilometers (5.8 mi) north-west of Jerusalem. To the east is Kalandia, Rafat is to the north, Al Jib is to the west, and Bir Nabala is to the south.[3]

History

Ancient period

Several scholars have suggested that Judeira is the site of Gederah in Benjamin, which is mentioned in the Bible as home to Yozabad the Gederathite, a Benjaminite warrior who defected to David. It is mentioned shortly after the nearby sites of Azmaveth (identified with modern-day Hizme), Anathoth (probably 'Anata) and Gibeon (Al Jib).[4][5][6]

Ottoman era

In the Ottoman census of the 1500s, Jadira was noted as a village located in the nahiya of Jerusalem.[7]

In 1838 el-Jedireh was noted as a Muslim village, located north of Jerusalem.[8][9]

In 1863 Guérin described it as a small village, with a mosque consecrated to a Sheikh Yassin. In the courtyard in front of this sanctuary, he noticed what was possibly an old Corinthian capital, which had been made into a mortar, where the villagers pounded coffee.[10] An Ottoman village list from about 1870 found that the village had a population of 40, in a total of 13 houses, though the population count only included men. It was also noted that it was located east of Al Jib.[11][12]

In 1883, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as "a small village on a slope, surrounded by figs and olives, and with rock-cut tombs to the north."[4]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Ijdireh had a population of 122, all Muslims,[13] increasing in the 1931 census to 139 Muslim inhabitants, in 31 inhabited houses.[14]

In the 1945 statistics Judeira had a population of 190 Muslims,[15] with 2,044 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[16] Of this, 353 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 1,314 used for cereals,[17] while 7 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[18]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, al-Judeira came under Jordanian rule.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 328 inhabitants in Judeira.[19]

Post-1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, al-Judeira has been under Israeli occupation.

After the 1995 accords, 25.4% of the village’s land was classified as Area B, the remaining 74.6% is classified was Area C.[20]

In 2005, Israel started the construction of a separation barrier around al-Judeira, Al Jib, Bir Nabala, Beit Hanina al-Balad and Kalandiya.[21] The wall was built on Palestinian land seized by Military Orders.[22] The wall completely surrounds the villages, forming an enclave.[23]

References
  1. Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017 (PDF). Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) (Report). State of Palestine. February 2018. pp. 64–82. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  2. Palmer, 1881, p. 296
  3. Al Judeira Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 4
  4. Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, pp. 9 10
  5. Ehrlich, Carl S. (1992). "Gederah". The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary. 2. doi:10.5040/9780300261882-714.
  6. I Chronicles. Jacob M. Myers ([1st ed.] ed.). Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday. 1965. p. 96. ISBN 0-385-01259-4. OCLC 917910.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  7. Toledano, 1984, p. 294, has Jadira at location 35°11′35″E 31°51′35″N.
  8. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 122
  9. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 2, p. 137
  10. Guérin, 1868, p. 392
  11. Socin, 1879, p. 153
  12. Hartmann, 1883, p. 127, noted 17 houses
  13. Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jerusalem, p. 15
  14. Mills, 1932, p. 40
  15. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 25
  16. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 57 Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine
  17. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 103 Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
  18. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 153 Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
  19. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 23
  20. Al Judeira Village Profile, ARIJ, p. 17
  21. High Court approves Bir Nabalah enclave. B'Tselem, 26 November 2006
  22. Israel’s Segregation Wall Encircles Three Palestinian Villages in Northwest Jerusalem Archived 2007-06-02 at the Wayback Machine ARIJ, 7 May 2005
  23. "West Bank Closures - Jerusalem" (PDF). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. March 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-10-14. Retrieved 2007-10-14.

Bibliography
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