Alberto Cianca

Alberto Cianca (1884–1966) was an Italian journalist and anti-fascist politician. He edited several significant publications, including Il Mondo, and served in the Parliament and Senate.

Alberto Cianca
Minister without portfolio
In office
10 December 1945 – 19 February 1946
Prime MinisterAlcide De Gasperi
Succeeded byEmilio Lussu
Personal details
Born1 January 1884
Rome, Kingdom of Italy
Died8 January 1966(1966-01-08) (aged 82)
Rome, Italy
Political party

Early life and education

Cianca was born in Rome on 1 January 1884.[1][2] He had a bachelor's degree in law.[3]

Career

He started his career as a journalist and worked as a parliamentary reporter for the Rome-based newspaper La Tribuna.[3] Then he worked for Secolo in Milan and later, he served as the editor-in-chief of Il Messaggero in Roma from which he resigned in 1921.[3] Then he worked for L'Ora.[3]

He was the director of Il Mondo from its start in 1922 to its closure in 1926.[1] The paper was the most significant opposition publication against Fascist government of Benito Mussolini.[2] Cianca also edited another anti-fascist publication, Il Becco Giallo, a weekly satirical magazine.[3]

Exile

In 1927 Cianca left Italy to avoid from being arrested and settled in Paris.[2] There he edited some publications and involved in the establishment of an anti-Fascist resistance movement, Giustizia e Libertà.[3][4] In the establishment of the Giustizia e Libertà he collaborated with Carlo Rosselli, Nello Rosselli, Emilio Lussu, Alberto Tarchiani, Fausto Nitti and Gaetano Salvemini.[4][5] Cianca managed to resume the publication of Il Becco Giallo in Paris, and also, he and Carlo Rosselli edited a weekly publication of Giustizia e Libertà which was also entitled Giustizia e Libertà.[6] In fact, Rosselli was the editor of the weekly between 1934 and his death in 1937, and Cianca succeeded him in the post.[6]

When World War II broke out and France was occupied by Nazi German forces Cianca took refuge in the United States.[3] In 1940 he involved in the establishment of the Mazzini Society in New York City which was among the antifascist organizations founded by Italian political exiles in the United States.[7] Cianca and his close ally Alberto Tarchiani were very active in the society dealing with its administrative operations.[7] Cianca was also named the president of the society's New York branch.[7] Following the end of the Fascist rule in Italy Cianca and other Italian exiles returned to Italy which led to the end of the Mazzini Society.[8]

Later years and death

Upon his return to Italy Cianca became the leader of the Action Party.[1][2] He was a member of the National Council and a minister in the first cabinet of Alcide De Gasperi.[1] He was among the few elected members of the Action Party to the Constituent Assembly in 1946 and also, the last secretary of the Action Party before its closure.[3] Then Cianca joined the Italian Socialist Party and was elected senator on its lists in the elections in 1953 and 1958.[1][2]

Cianca served several times as the president of the board of arbitrators of Italian journalists.[3] He died in Rome on 8 January 1966.[1][2]

References
  1. "Cianca, Alberto" (in Italian). Italian Senate. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
  2. "Cianca, Alberto". Treccani (in Italian).
  3. "Alberto Cianca" (in Italian). ANPI. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
  4. Marion Roselli (1945). "Headliners: Alberto Tarchiani". Free World. 35: 31.
  5. Nicola Cacciatore (2019). "Missed connection: relations between Italian anti-fascist emigration and British forces in Egypt (1940–1944)". Modern Italy. 24 (3): 265. doi:10.1017/mit.2019.3. S2CID 151240821.
  6. Michele Cantarella (Winter 1938). "Italian Writers in Exile: A Bibliography". Books Abroad. 12 (1): 18, 21. JSTOR 40079114.
  7. Kent Fedorowich (2005). "'Toughs and Thugs': The Mazzini Society and Political Warfare amongst Italian POWs in India, 1941–43". Intelligence and National Security. 20 (1): 154–155. doi:10.1080/02684520500059486. S2CID 154767597.
  8. Francesco Durante; et al., eds. (2014). Italoamericana: The Literature of the Great Migration, 1880-1943. New York: Fordham University Press. p. 602. ISBN 9780823260645.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.