Alkalihalobacillus clausii

Alkalihalobacillus clausii or its old scientific name Bacillus clausii is a rod-shaped, motile, and spore-forming bacterium that lives in the soil but is also a natural microflora of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. It is classified as probiotic microorganism that maintains a symbiotic relationship with the host organism.[1] It is currently being studied in relation to respiratory infections[2] and some gastrointestinal disorders.[3] Bacillus clausii has been found to produce antimicrobial substances that are active against gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Clostridium difficile.[1] It is sold as an anti-diarrhoea and under the brand name Erceflora by Sanofi. [4]

Alkalihalobacillus clausii
"B. clausii" from Enterogermina on a glass slide
A. clausii from Enterogermina on a glass slide
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Bacillota
Class: Bacilli
Order: Bacillales
Family: Bacillaceae
Genus: Alkalihalobacillus
Species:
A. clausii
Binomial name
Alkalihalobacillus clausii
Nielsen et al. 1995

This species has been recently transferred into the genus Alkalihalobacillus.[5] The correct nomenclature is thus Alkalihalobacillus clausii.

Genome structure

Alkalihalobacillus clausii has a relatively small genome that contains 4.30 Mbp with 4,108 protein coding genes.[1]

References
  1. Urdaci, MC; Bressollier, P; Pinchuk, I (Jul 2004). "Bacillus clausii probiotic strains: antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities". Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 38 (6 Suppl): S86–90. doi:10.1097/01.mcg.0000128925.06662.69. PMID 15220667. S2CID 8725033.
  2. Marseglia GL, Tosca M, Cirillo I, et al. (March 2007). "Efficacy of Bacillus clausii spores in the prevention of recurrent respiratory infections in children: a pilot study". Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management. 3 (1): 13–7. doi:10.2147/tcrm.2007.3.1.13. PMC 1936284. PMID 18360611.
  3. Gabrielli M, Lauritano EC, Scarpellini E, et al. (May 2009). "Bacillus clausii as a treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 104 (5): 1327–8. doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.91. PMID 19352343. S2CID 7920293.
  4. "Bacillus clausii". Monthly Index of Medical Specialities. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
  5. Patel, Sudip; Gupta, Radhey S. (2020-01-01). "A phylogenomic and comparative genomic framework for resolving the polyphyly of the genus Bacillus: Proposal for six new genera of Bacillus species, Peribacillus gen. nov., Cytobacillus gen. nov., Mesobacillus gen. nov., Neobacillus gen. nov., Metabacillus gen. nov. and Alkalihalobacillus gen. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (1): 406–438. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003775. ISSN 1466-5026. PMID 31617837.
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