Bayezid Pasha

Bayezid Pasha or Beyazid Pasha (also known as Amasyalı Beyazid Pasha; died July 1421) was an Ottoman Albanian statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1413 to 1421.[1] He was the first Albanian and first Muslim from Balkans to become Grand Vizier of the Ottoman state.

In this Ottoman Turkish style name, the given name is Bayezid, the title is Pasha, and there is no family name.
Amasyalı
Bayezid
Pasha
8th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
In office
1413 – July 1421
MonarchsMehmed I
Murad II
Preceded byImamzade Halil Pasha
Succeeded byÇandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Elder
Personal details
BornAmasya, Turkey
DiedJuly 1421
Sazlıdere, Keşan, Edirne, Turkey
NationalityOttoman, Albanian origin

Biography

Bayezid was born in Amasya as the son of Amasyalı Yahşi Bey, earning him the epithet Amasyalı, meaning "from Amasya." He was of Albanian origin.[2][3] He was raised in the imperial palace. While Bayezid I was sultan, he served in various military positions. When Bayezid I's son, the future sultan Mehmed I (then known as Mehmed Çelebi), was a provincial governor, Bayezid Pasha served as one of his head advisers.

After the disastrous Battle of Ankara in 1402, when Tamerlane defeated the Ottoman Empire and took sultan Bayezid I prisoner, Bayezid Pasha rescued the 15-year-old Mehmed Çelebi from Tamerlane's forces and brought him to his hometown of Amasya. After the subsequent Ottoman Interregnum in 1413, when Mehmed Çelebi finally defeated his brothers' claims to the throne, Bayezid Pasha became the official grand vizier under the now-sultan Mehmed I.

Under Mehmed I, Bayezid Pasha crushed the rebellion of Sheikh Bedreddin in 1420.

After Mehmed I's death on May 26, 1421, upon Mehmed's request, Bayezid Pasha kept the sultan's death a secret for the 40 days it took his son and successor Murad II to arrive in the capital to ascend the throne. This move was in order to avoid a civil war in an empire still reeling from that of the Ottoman Interregnum.

In July 1421, only two months after Murad II's coronation, Bayezid Pasha, still grand vizier, was sent to lead an army against the rebellion of Mustafa Çelebi, Murad II's uncle. Bayezid's forces met with Mustafa in the area of the future village of Sazlıdere in Keşan, Edirne in central Thrace. In the midst of battle, Bayezid Pasha's forces deserted him and joined Mustafa Çelebi's forces, forcing him to surrender to Mustafa. Mustafa's ally Junayd of Aydın, distrustful of Bayezid, urged Mustafa to execute him, which Mustafa did promptly by beheading him. Junayd spared Bayezid's brother Hamza Bey, however, who in 1425 would be the one to avenge him by having Junayd and his family executed. Bayezid Pasha's grave is at the site in Sazlıdere.

References
  1. İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971, p. 9. (Turkish)
  2. Wittek, P.; Heywood, C. (2013). Rise of the Ottoman Empire: Studies in the History of Turkey, thirteenth–fifteenth Centuries. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136513183. Retrieved 2014-12-26.
  3. Stavrides, T. (2001). The Sultan of Vezirs: The Life and Times of the Ottoman Grand Vezir Mahmud Pasha Angelović (1453-1474). Brill. p. 55. ISBN 9789004121065. Retrieved 2014-12-26.
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