Amyl nitrate

Amyl nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula CH3(CH2)4ONO2. This molecule consists of the 5-carbon amyl group attached to a nitrate functional group.[1] It is the ester of amyl alcohol and nitric acid.

For the active ingredient in the recreational drugs known as poppers, see Amyl nitrite.
Amyl nitrate
Skeletal formula of pentyl nitrate
Ball-and-stick model of the pentyl nitrate molecule
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Pentyl nitrate
Other names
n-Amyl nitrate
1-Nitrooxypentane
1-Pentyl nitrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.012.440
EC Number
  • 213-684-2
UNII
UN number 1112
  • InChI=1S/C5H11NO3/c1-2-3-4-5-9-6(7)8/h2-5H2,1H3 checkY
    Key: HSNWZBCBUUSSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • [O-][N+](=O)OCCCCC
Properties
C5H11NO3
Molar mass 133.147 g·mol−1
Boiling point 104 °C (219 °F; 377 K)
-76.4·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: FlammableGHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H226, H315, H319
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P235, P501
Flash point 47.8 °C (118.0 °F; 320.9 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Applications

Alkyl nitrates are employed as reagents in organic synthesis.[2] Amyl nitrate is used as an additive in diesel fuel, where it acts as an "ignition improver" (cetane improver) by accelerating the ignition of fuel.[3]

See also

References
  1. EPA on Pentyl nitrate
  2. Zajac, W. W. Jr. (2001). "1-Nitropropane". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rn051. ISBN 0471936235.
  3. "Amyl Nitrate | Cameo Chemicals | Noaa". Cameochemicals.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
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