Convolutidae

Convolutidae is a family of acoels. It contains more than a third of all known acoel species.[1][2]

Convolutidae
Flatworm-like Waminoa sp. on Plerogyra sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Xenacoelomorpha
Order: Acoela
Superfamily: Aberrantospermata
Family: Convolutidae
Graff, 1905
Synonyms
  • Anaperidae Dörjes, 1968
  • Sagittiferidae Kostenko & Mamkaev, 1990

Description
Neochildia fusca

The family Convolutidae includes acoels with a ventral mouth opening and a body-wall musculature composed both dorsally and ventrally by circular, longitudinal, and longitudinal crossover muscle fibers. The ventral body wall also has a group of U-shaped fibers.[1] Most species are symbionts with algae.[1] The anterior end has a cluster of frontal glands, a pair of eyes and a statocyst. The body has pigmented lens. Intestine and excretory system is absent. It is hermaphrodite but protandry is common.

Taxonomy

Genera

There are 25 genera in the family Convolutidae.[3][4] The type genus is Convoluta.

Species

There are over 100 species recognised in the family Convolutidae:[3]

  • Achoerus caspius Beklemischev, 1914
  • Achoerus ferox Beklemischev, 1937
  • Achoerus pachycaudatus Dörjes, 1968
  • Adenopea cenata (Du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1955)
  • Adenopea chuni (Brauner, 1920)
  • Adenopea illardata Löhner & Micoletzky, 1911
  • Adenopea illardatus (Lohner & Micoletzky, 1911)
  • Amphiscolops bermudensis Hyman 1939
  • Amphiscolops castellonensis Steinböck, 1954
  • Amphiscolops cinereus (Graff, 1874)
  • Amphiscolops evelinae Marcus 1947
  • Amphiscolops fuligineus Peebles 1913
  • Amphiscolops gemelliporus Marcus 1954
  • Amphiscolops gerundensis Steinböck, 1954
  • Amphiscolops japonicus Kato 1947
  • Amphiscolops marinelliensis Beltagi & Khafagi, 1984
  • Amphiscolops mosaicus Kozloff 1998
  • Amphiscolops potocani Achatz, 2008
  • Amphiscolops trifurcatus (Beltagi 1983)
  • Amphiscolops zeii Riedl 1956
  • Antrosagittifera corallina Hooge & Tyler, 2001
  • Brachypea kenoma Antonius 1968
  • Conaperta antonii Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007
  • Conaperta cirrata Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007
  • Conaperta flavibacillum (Jensen, 1878)
  • Conaperta lineata (Peebles, 1915)
  • Convoluta albomaculata (Pereyaslawzewa, 1892)
  • Convoluta baltica Meixner, 1938
  • Convoluta bimaculata Graff, 1882
  • Convoluta bohmigi (Brauner, 1920)
  • Convoluta borealis Sabussow 1900
  • Convoluta boyeri Bush 1984
  • Convoluta chiridotae (Beklemischev, 1915)
  • Convoluta confusa Graff 1904
  • Convoluta convoluta (Abildgaard, 1806)
  • Convoluta enelitta Antonius 1968
  • Convoluta furugelmi Mamkaev, 1971
  • Convoluta henseni Böhmig, 1895
  • Convoluta hipparchia Pereyaslawzewa 1892
  • Convoluta kikaiensis Yamasu 1982
  • Convoluta krana Antonius, 1968
  • Convoluta lacazii Graff 1891
  • Convoluta lacrimosa Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007
  • Convoluta marginalis Ivanov 1952
  • Convoluta maris-alba (Sabussow, 1899)
  • Convoluta marisalbi Sabussov, 1900
  • Convoluta naviculae Yamasu 1982
  • Convoluta niphoni Achatz, 2008
  • Convoluta pelagica Lohner & Micoletzky 1911
  • Convoluta philippinensis Bush 1984
  • Convoluta punctata Riedl, 1959
  • Convoluta pygopora Antonius 1968
  • Convoluta schmidti Czerniavsky, 1881
  • Convoluta schuelii Achatz, 2008
  • Convoluta semperi Graff, 1882
  • Convoluta sordida Graff 1882
  • Convoluta thela (Antonius, 1968)
  • Convoluta uljanini Graff, 1904
  • Convoluta variabilis (Pereyaslawzewa, 1892)
  • Convolutriloba hastifera Winsor, 1990
  • Convolutriloba longifissura Bartolomaeus & Balzer, 1997
  • Convolutriloba macropyga Shannon & Achatz, 2007
  • Convolutriloba retrogemma Hendelberg & Akesson, 1988
  • Haplodiscus acuminatus Böhmig, 1895
  • Haplodiscus bocki Dörjes 1970
  • Haplodiscus incola (Leiper, 1902)
  • Haplodiscus obtusus Böhmig, 1895
  • Haplodiscus ovatus Böhmig, 1895
  • Haplodiscus piger Weldon 1888
  • Haplodiscus ussovi Sabussow, 1896
  • Haplodiscus weldoni Böhmig, 1895
  • Heterochaerus australis Haswell 1905
  • Heterochaerus blumi (Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007)
  • Heterochaerus carvalhoi (Marcus, 1952)
  • Heterochaerus langerhansi (Graff, 1882)
  • Heterochaerus sargassi (Hyman 1939)
  • Neochildia fusca Bush, 1975
  • Oligochoerus bakuensis Beklemischev 1963
  • Oligochoerus chlorella Beklemischev 1963
  • Oligochoerus conops Beklemischev, 1963
  • Oligochoerus erythrophthalmus Beklemischev 1963
  • Oligochoerus limnophilus Ax & Doerjes 1966
  • Oligochoerus melanops Beklemischev 1963
  • Oligochoerus xanthella Beklemischev 1963
  • Oxyposthia praedator Ivanov 1952
  • Pelophila lutheri (Westblad, 1946)
  • Philachoerus johanni Dörjes, 1968
  • Praesagittifera gracilis (Yamasu, 1982)
  • Praesagittifera naikaiensis (Yamasu, 1982)
  • Praesagittifera shikoki Kostenko & Mamkaev 1990
  • Sagittifera sagittifera (Ivanov, 1952)
  • Stomatricha hochbergi Hooge, 2003
  • Thalassoanaperus australis (Westblad, 1952)
  • Thalassoanaperus biaculeatus (Boguta, 1970)
  • Thalassoanaperus gardineri (Graff, 1911)
  • Thalassoanaperus ornatus (Beltagi, 2001)
  • Thalassoanaperus rubellus (Westblad, 1945)
  • Thalassoanaperus singularis (Hooge & Smith, 2004)
  • Thalassoanaperus sulcatus (Beklemischev, 1914)
  • Thalassoanaperus tvaerminnensis (Luther, 1912)
  • Waminoa brickneri Ogunlana, Hooge, Tekle, Benayahu, Barneah & Tyler, 2005
  • Waminoa litus Winsor 1990
  • Wulguru cuspidata Winsor 1988

Notes

    References
    1. Hooge, M. D.; Tyler, S. (2005). "New tools for resolving phylogenies: a systematic revision of the Convolutidae (Acoelomorpha, Acoela)". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 43 (2): 100–113. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2005.00301.x. ISSN 0947-5745.
    2. Turbellarian taxonomic database, 2006.
    3. Seth Tyler (2010). "Convolutidae". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved May 29, 2021.
    4. Nilsson, K.S., Wallberg, A., & Jondelius, U. (2011). "New species of Acoela from the Mediterranean, the Red Sea, and the South Pacific." Zootaxa 2867: 1-31.
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