Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919

The Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919,[1][2] also known as the Treaty of Rawalpindi, was a treaty which brought the Third Anglo-Afghan War to an end.[3] It was signed on 8 August 1919 in Rawalpindi, Punjab, by the United Kingdom and the Emirate of Afghanistan. Britain recognised Afghanistan's independence (as per Article 5 of the treaty), agreed that British India would not extend past the Khyber Pass and stopped British subsidies to Afghanistan. Afghanistan also accepted all previously agreed border arrangements with British India as per Article 5 of the Anglo-Afghan treaty of 1919.[3][4][5][6][7] Thus, Afghanistan as an independent country agreed to recognise the Durand Line as international border between the two countries.[4][5][7][8]

Afghanistan in 1919

Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919
TypeBilateral Treaty
Signed8 August 1919 (1919-08-08)
LocationRawalpindi, Punjab, British India (present-day Punjab, Pakistan)
Original
signatories

See also

References
  1. Adamec, Ludwig W. (2011). Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. Scarecrow Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-8108-7957-7. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  2. Khalfin, N. A. "Anglo-Afghan Treaties and Agreements of the 19th and 20th Centuries". Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  3. "Third Afghan War (1919)". National Army Museum. Archived from the original on 8 June 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  4. Arwin Rahi. "Why the Durand Line Matters". The Diplomat.
  5. Tom Lansford (2017). Afghanistan at War: From the 18th-Century Durrani Dynasty to the 21st Century. ABC CLIO. p. 146. ISBN 978-1-59884-760-4.
  6. "Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952–1954, Africa and South Asia, Volume XI, Part 2". Office of the Historian. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
  7. "Naming the line". The News. 13 September 2017.
  8. M.D. Hamid Hadi (2016). Afghanistan's Experiences: The History of the Most Horrifying Events Involving Politics, Religion, and Terrorism. ISBN 978-1-5246-0006-8.

Further reading
  • Adamec, L. W. (1985). "Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1921". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume II/1: Anāmaka–Anthropology. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-0-71009-101-7.
  • Fremont-Barnes, Gregory. The Anglo-Afghan Wars 1839–1919 (2014)
  • Tripodi, Christian. "Grand Strategy and the Graveyard of Assumptions: Britain and Afghanistan, 1839–1919." Journal of Strategic Studies 33.5 (2010): 701–725. online


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