Ann E. Bailie

Dorothy Ann Eckels Bailie (born 1935) is an American mathematician who worked at Goddard Space Flight Center in the 1950s and 1960s. She was one of the three authors of the 1959 report establishing Earth's shape as asymmetrical and "pear-shaped", based on data from Vanguard 1.

Ann E. Bailie
A young white woman with short dark hair, standing in front of a chalk board, holding papers; she is wearing a white blouse
Ann E. Bailie, from a 1961 publication of the United States Civil Service Commission
Born
Ann Eckels

1935
Littleton, New Hampshire
OccupationMathematician

Early life

Dorothy Ann Eckels was born in Littleton, New Hampshire and raised in Laconia, New Hampshire, the daughter of John C. Eckels and Dorothy R. Eckels.[1] Her father was a surgeon. Her maternal grandfather, Adolph Frederick Erdmann, was a pioneer in the field of anesthesiology.[2][3] She earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics at Middlebury College in 1957.[4] While at Middlebury, she was elected Queen of the school's Winter Carnival, an event she co-chaired.[5]

Career

Bailie worked at the United States Naval Research Laboratory after college.[6] By 1959 she worked in the Theoretical Division of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, on calculating and analyzing complex orbits for satellites.[7] She, R. Kenneth Squires, and John A. O'Keefe were the team that determined that the Earth was asymmetrical and "pear-shaped",[8] based on data from Vanguard 1.[9][10]

James E. Webb mentioned Bailie, Nancy Roman, and Eleanor C. Pressly in his 1961 commencement speech at George Washington University, as examples of women in the space program.[11] In 1963, she was named one of the Ten Young Women of the Year by Mademoiselle magazine.[12] Later in her career, she worked at Analytical Mechanics Associates in Maryland.[6][13]

Selected publications and reports by Bailie
  • "A Determination of the coefficient J of the second harmonic in the Earth's gravitational potential from the orbit of the satellite 1958 β2" (1959, with Myron Lecar and John Sorenson)[14]
  • "Lunar and Solar Perturbations on Satellite Orbits"" (1959, with E. Upton and Peter Musen)[15]
  • "Vanguard measurements give pear-shaped component of Earth's figure" (1959, with John A. O'Keefe and R. Kenneth Squires)[16]
  • "Ellipsoid Parameters from Satellite Data" (1959, with John A. O'Keefe, Nancy G. Roman, and Benjamin S. Yaplee)[17]
  • "Perturbations in Perigee Height of Vanguard I" (1960, with Peter Musen and Robert W. Bryant)[18]
  • "Osculating Elements Derived from the Modified Hansen Theory for the Motion of an Artificial Satellite" (1961)[19]
  • "An Analytical representation of Musen's theory of artificial satellites in terms of the orbital true longitude" (1963, with David Fisher)[20]
  • "On the motion of a 24-hour satellite" (1963, with Peter Musen)[21]
  • "Modifications of the Goddard Minimum Variance Program for the Processing of Real Data" (1964, with S. Pine, H. Wolf, and J. Mohan)[22]
  • "Development of the Lunar and Solar Perturbations in the Motion of an Artificial Satellite" (1965, with Peter Musen and E. Upton)[23]
  • "Adaptive Filtering" (1967, with Andrew H. Jazwinski)[24]
  • "A set of uniform variational parameters for space trajectory analysis" (1967, with S. Pines and H. Wolf)[25]
  • "Suboptimal Filtering" (1968, with Andrew H. Jazwinski, Stanley F. Schmidt, and Norman Levine)[13]

Personal life

Ann Eckels married accountant William J. Bailie in 1959.[1] They had three children. Her husband died in 2009.[26]

References
  1. "William Bailie Takes Bride In New Hampshire Church". Democrat and Chronicle. 1959-11-05. p. 40. Retrieved 2021-10-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. Erickson, James C. III. "In the Beginning: Adolph Frederick Erdmann and the Long Island Society of Anesthetists" in Douglas R. Bacon, Kathryn E. McGoldrick, and Mark J. Lema. eds., The American Society of Anesthesiologists: A Century of Challenges and Progress (The Wood Library 2005): 1-8.
  3. "Erdmann Certificate". Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
  4. "Middlebury C. Woman Hit in Science Field". Rutland Daily Herald. 1959-02-06. p. 13. Retrieved 2021-10-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. "Middlebury Carnival Queen". Rutland Daily Herald. 1957-02-16. p. 6. Retrieved 2021-10-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. "Mrs. Bailie Becomes First Alumna of Middlebury Phi Beta Kappa Unit". The Burlington Free Press. 1968-06-10. p. 4. Retrieved 2021-10-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. Binder, Otto O. (2019-06-28). Careers in Space. Wildside Press LLC. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-4794-3929-4.
  8. O'Keefe, John A. (1963-10-21). "Our Pear-Shaped World". Star Tribune. p. 14. Retrieved 2021-10-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. David, Shayler; Moule, Ian A. (2006-08-29). Women in Space - Following Valentina. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 104. ISBN 978-1-84628-078-8.
  10. "It's a Pear-Shaped World". Civil Service Journal. 1: 20. April 1961.
  11. Wilds, Helen Elaine. "Gendered Space: Emerging Frames in NASA Public Relations and Mainstream Media Representation, 1958-1966" (Master's thesis, 2019, Middle Tennessee State University): 80.
  12. "Student Journalist is Named One of 'The Ten Young Women of the Year'". Redlands Daily Facts. 1963-01-08. p. 8. Retrieved 2021-10-02 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. Jazwinski, Andrew H., Stanley F. Schmidt, Ann E. Bailie, and Norman Levine, "Suboptimal Filtering Part 4: Test Bed Computer Program" (Analytical Mechanics Associates 1968).
  14. Lecar, Myron; Sorenson, John; Eckels, Ann (1959). "A determination of the coefficient J of the second harmonic in the Earth's gravitational potential from the orbit of satellite 1958 β2". Journal of Geophysical Research. 64 (2): 209–216. Bibcode:1959JGR....64..209L. doi:10.1029/JZ064i002p00209. ISSN 2156-2202.
  15. Upton, E.; Bailie, A.; Musen, P. (1959-12-18). "Lunar and Solar Perturbations on Satellite Orbits". Science. 130 (3390): 1710–1711. Bibcode:1959Sci...130.1710U. doi:10.1126/science.130.3390.1710. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17742251. S2CID 42583722.
  16. O'Keefe, J. A.; Eckeis, A.; Squires, R. K. (1959-02-27). "Vanguard Measurements Give Pear-Shaped Component of Earth's Figure". Science. 129 (3348): 565–566. Bibcode:1959Sci...129..565O. doi:10.1126/science.129.3348.565. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17733645.
  17. Center, Goddard Space Flight. Publications of Goddard Space Flight Center. The Center.
  18. Musen, P.; Bryant, R.; Bailie, A. (1960-03-25). "Perturbations in Perigee Height of Vanguard I". Science. 131 (3404): 935–936. Bibcode:1960Sci...131..935M. doi:10.1126/science.131.3404.935. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17833376. S2CID 122519524.
  19. Bailie, A. (1961). Osculating Elements Derived from the Modified Hansen's Theory for the Motion of an Artificial Satellite. National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
  20. Bailie, Ann E.; Fisher, David (1963). An Analytical representation of Musen's theory of artificial satellites in terms of the orbital true longitude. NASA technical note ;NASA TN D-1468. Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
  21. Musen, Peter; Bailie, Ann E.; Goddard Space Flight Center (1963). On the motion of a 24-hour satellite. NASA technical note ;NASA TN D-1750. Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
  22. Bailie, A.; Mohan, J.; Pines, S.; Wolf, H. (1964). "Modifications of the Goddard Minimum Variance Program for the processing of real data". S2CID 67074453. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  23. Musen, P.; Bailie, A.; Upton, E. (1961). "Development of the Lunar and Solar Perturbations in the Motion of an Artificial Satellite". S2CID 116952160. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  24. Jazwinski, Andrew H. and Ann E. Bailie, "Adaptive Filtering" (Analytical Mechanics Associates 1967).
  25. Bailie, A.; Pines, S.; Wolf, H. (1967). "A set of uniform variational parameters for space trajectory analysis". S2CID 126280089. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  26. "William J. "Bill" Bailie". Hartford Courant. 2009-03-16. pp. C06. Retrieved 2021-10-02 – via Newspapers.com.
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