Antillean siskin

Antillean siskin
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Fringillidae
Subfamily:	Carduelinae
Genus:	Spinus
Species:	S. dominicensis
Binomial name
	Spinus dominicensis; (Bryant, 1867)
Synonyms
	Carduelis dominicensis

The Antillean siskin (Spinus dominicensis) is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae, and the only species of the genus Spinus found in the Caribbean.

Distribution and habitat

It is endemic to Hispaniola (in both Haiti and the Dominican Republic). Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.

Evolution

This seems to be the most ancient extant species of the North American Spinus evolutive radiation, being the first to diverge from the lineage which eventually gave rise to the pine, Eurasian, and black-capped siskins.[2][3][4]

References

BirdLife International (2016). "Spinus dominicensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22720416A94669938. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22720416A94669938.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
Arnaiz-Villena, A; Areces, C; Rey, D; Enríquez-de-Salamanca, M; Alonso-Rubio, J; Ruiz-del-Valle, V (2012). "Three Different North American Siskin/Goldfinch Evolutionary Radia-tions (Genus Carduelis): Pine Siskin Green Morphs and European Siskins in America". The Open Ornithology Journal. 5: 73–81. doi:10.2174/1874453201205010073.
Arnaiz-Villena, A; Gómez-Prieto P; Ruiz-de-Valle V (2009). Phylogeography of Finches and Sparrows. Nova Science Publishers. ISBN 978-1-60741-844-3.
Beckman, Elizabeth J.; Witt, Christopher C. (2015-06-01). "Phylogeny and biogeography of the New World siskins and goldfinches: Rapid, recent diversification in the Central Andes". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 87: 28–45. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.005. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 25796324.

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[iucn_status_12_November_2021-1] BirdLife International (2016). "Spinus dominicensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22720416A94669938. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22720416A94669938.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

[2] Arnaiz-Villena, A; Areces, C; Rey, D; Enríquez-de-Salamanca, M; Alonso-Rubio, J; Ruiz-del-Valle, V (2012). "Three Different North American Siskin/Goldfinch Evolutionary Radia-tions (Genus Carduelis): Pine Siskin Green Morphs and European Siskins in America". The Open Ornithology Journal. 5: 73–81. doi:10.2174/1874453201205010073.

[3] Arnaiz-Villena, A; Gómez-Prieto P; Ruiz-de-Valle V (2009). Phylogeography of Finches and Sparrows. Nova Science Publishers. ISBN 978-1-60741-844-3.

[4] Beckman, Elizabeth J.; Witt, Christopher C. (2015-06-01). "Phylogeny and biogeography of the New World siskins and goldfinches: Rapid, recent diversification in the Central Andes". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 87: 28–45. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.005. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 25796324.