Alchemilla arvensis

Alchemilla arvensis (syn. Aphanes arvensis), known as parsley-piert,[2] is a sprawling, downy plant common all over the British Isles where It grows on arable fields and bare wastelands, particularly in dry sites. The short-stalked leaves have three segments each lobed at the tip. Flowers April–September. The tiny green flower has four sepals and no petals, the fruit is oval pointed. Stipules form a leaf-like cup, enclosing the flower. The name of parsley piert has nothing to do with parsley. It is a corruption of the French perce-pierre, meaning 'stone-piercer' and was given to the plant because of its habit of growing in shallow, stony soil and emerging between stones. As in the case of saxifrage (from the Latin meaning 'stone-breaker') it was wrongly assumed that the plant could pierce stones; and it was thought that a medicine made of parsley piert would break up stones in the bladder and kidneys. Old folk-names for the plant include 'colicwort' and 'bowel-hive-grass' (hive meant inflammation), showing that it was also used for intestinal ailments.

Alchemilla arvensis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Alchemilla
Species:
A. arvensis
Binomial name
Alchemilla arvensis
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Alchemilla aphanes Leers
    • Alchemilla arvensis var. glabra Greene
    • Alchemilla arvensis var. occidentalis (Nutt.) Piper
    • Alchemilla cuneifolia Nutt.
    • Alchemilla delicatula Sennen
    • Alchemilla monandra Stokes
    • Alchemilla occidentalis Nutt.
    • Alchemilla triloba Gilib.
    • Aphanes arvensis L.
    • Aphanes cuneifolia (Nutt.) Rydb.
    • Aphanes delicatula Sennen
    • Aphanes occidentalis (Nutt.) Rydb.
    • Aphanes triloba Gilib.
    • Aphanes vulgaris Schur
    • Percepier arvensis (L.) Moench
    • Potentilla arvensis (L.) Christenh. & Väre

The 17th-century herbalist Nicholas Culpeper, recommended parsley piert for use in salads, although it would be difficult to gather sufficient quantities of such a tiny plant for a reasonable meal. Culpeper also recommends the plant to gentlemen for eating as a winter pickle in addition to the pickled samphire to which they were accustomed.

The previous genus name of Aphanes comes from a Greek word meaning "unseen" or "unnoticed", which precisely describes this tiny plant. Nevertheless, parsley piert is a very common and widespread weed of cultivated ground, whether acidic or not.[3]

Description

Alchemilla arvensis is 2–20 cm high, leaves fan -shaped, short-stalked, with 3 deep-toothed main lobes; leaves only 2–10 mm long. Flowers minute, less than 2 mm, in dense clusters in leraf-axils, surrounded by cups formed by leaf-stipules; 4 sepals, epicalyx, but no petals; stamens usually one. Flowers April–October.[4]

Habitat

On arable land, bare ground, on paths, on dry or chalky soils.

Distribution

Most of Europe, including Britain, east to Iran.

References
  1. "Alchemilla arvensis (L.) Scop". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  2. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. Reader's Digest Nature Lover's Library, Field Guide to the Wildflowers of Britain, Editor Michael W. Davison, Art Editor Neal V. Martin, The Reader's Digest Association Limited, 11 Westferry Circus, Canary Wharf, London E144HE, Reprint 2001, ISBN 0-276-42506-5.
  4. The Wild Flower Key, British Isles N.W. Europe, Francis Rose, WARNE, Published by the Penguin Group, 1991 reissue, ISBN 0-7232-2419-6
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.