Apolaki Caldera

Apolaki Crater
Apolaki Crater
	Apolaki Crater Philippine Sea Apolaki Crater Apolaki Crater (Philippines)
Highest point
Coordinates	16°30′N 124°45′E
Geography
Location	Philippine Sea
Country	Philippines
Geology
Mountain type	Volcanic caldera

The Apolaki Caldera is a volcanic crater with a diameter of 150 kilometers (93 mi), making it the world's largest caldera. It is located within the Benham Rise (Philippine Rise) and was discovered in 2019 by Jenny Anne Barretto, a Filipina marine geophysicist and her team. The name "Apolaki" means "giant lord" in Filipino, and is also the name of the god of sun and war in some pantheons in Philippine mythology and the indigenous Philippine folk religions.[1][2] The volcano is currently inactive so it poses no threat to surrounding areas.[3]

Geological history

Gravimetric analysis shows that the Benham Rise, as the submarine mountain massif is named, is made up of a nine mile thick layer of magmatic and volcanic rocks. Rock samples ages range from 47.9 to 26 million years, when volcanic activity made up the massif.[4][5]

References

Mangosing, Frances (October 21, 2019). "Filipina scientist discovers 'world's largest crater' in Philippine Rise". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 10, 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
"Filipina scientist discovers world's largest crater on Benham Rise". ABS-CBN News. October 21, 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
Viernes, Franchesca (2022-01-19). "Did you know that the largest volcano caldera in the world is in the Philippines?". GMA News Online. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
Bressan, David (October 21, 2019). "The World's Largest Caldera Lays Hidden In The Philippine Sea". Forbes. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
Barretto, Jenny; Wood, Ray; Milsom, John (2020-01-01). "Benham Rise unveiled: Morphology and structure of an Eocene large igneous province in the West Philippine Basin". Marine Geology. 419: 106052. Bibcode:2020MGeol.419j6052B. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2019.106052. ISSN 0025-3227. S2CID 210318502.

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[1] Mangosing, Frances (October 21, 2019). "Filipina scientist discovers 'world's largest crater' in Philippine Rise". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 10, 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2019.

[2] "Filipina scientist discovers world's largest crater on Benham Rise". ABS-CBN News. October 21, 2019. Retrieved October 21, 2019.

[3] Viernes, Franchesca (2022-01-19). "Did you know that the largest volcano caldera in the world is in the Philippines?". GMA News Online. Retrieved 2023-07-25.

[4] Bressan, David (October 21, 2019). "The World's Largest Caldera Lays Hidden In The Philippine Sea". Forbes. Retrieved October 22, 2019.

[5] Barretto, Jenny; Wood, Ray; Milsom, John (2020-01-01). "Benham Rise unveiled: Morphology and structure of an Eocene large igneous province in the West Philippine Basin". Marine Geology. 419: 106052. Bibcode:2020MGeol.419j6052B. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2019.106052. ISSN 0025-3227. S2CID 210318502.