Argyropeza

Argyropeza is a genus of small deep-sea sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Procerithiidae.[3]

Argyropeza
Temporal range: Pliocene–Present
(Melvill & Standen, 1901)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Caenogastropoda
clade Sorbeoconcha
Superfamily:
Cerithioidea
Family:
Procerithiidae
Subfamily:
Argyropezinae

Bandel, 2006[1]
Genus:
Argyropeza

Melvill & Standen, 1901[2]
Type species
Argyropeza divina
Melvill & Standen, 1901
Species

See text

The name of this genus is derived from the Greek word arguropeza ("silver foot"), the epithet given by Homer to the sea nymph Thetis.

Taxonomy

The genus Argyropeza is closely related to the genus Bittium, but the shells of species in this genus are thinner and more vitreous, and the suture is more deeply impressed.

This genus is not well known and its systematic position has long been uncertain. It was sometimes assigned to the Litiopidae Gray, 1847 or to the Cerithiinae within Cerithiidae,[4] both belonging to the same superfamily Cerithioidea.

The genus was moved to Procerithiidae because of its similarity to the fossil genus Crypaulax from the Triassic.[5] This move means that the Argyropeza species are now considered to be living fossils.[5]

According to the Taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) Argyropeza is in the subfamily Cryptaulacinae, within the Procerithiidae.

According to Bandel (2006)[1] Argyropeza is in the newly described subfamily Argyropezinae Bandel, 2006, within the Procerithiidae.[1]

Distribution

The snails of this deep-sea genus can be found on the continental slopes and island groups in the Indo-Pacific region (Arabian Sea, Australia, Fiji, Indonesia, Japan, Papua, New Guinea, Vanuatu and South Africa).[4] They are detritivores, obtaining their nutrients from detritus and soft sediment.[4]

Description

They are small snails (6 to 8 mm in length) with a thin, vitreous shell that is elongated and has a pointed spire with a smooth tip. The number of the whorls varies between 9 and 12. The shell is sculptured with low axial ribs. Each whorl is marked by two spiral ribs with sharp nodules. The ovate aperture has a marked siphonal canal and a weak anal canal. The aperture is closed off by a thin, corneous, cerithioid operculum that is multispiral and almost circular. The outer lip is thin. The columella is concave. Their protoconch has 3½ whorls and are sculptured with two spiral lirae.[4]

Until the study of Richard S. Houbrick (1980)[4] almost nothing had been written about the soft parts of these snails. The animal has a long siphon. The cephalic tentacles have the eyes at their base. The taenioglossate radula has a quadrate rachdian tooth, flanked on each side a trapezoidal lateral tooth and two long marginal teeth. Their larvae are pelagic.[4]

Species

Species within the genus Aryropeza include:

Synonyms
  • Argyropeza cartieri Hornung & Mermod, 1928: synonym of Phosinella cartieri (Hornung & Mermod, 1928)
  • Argyropeza doriae Hornung & Mermod, 1926: synonym of Pirenella conica (Blainville, 1829)
  • Argyropeza involuta Thiele, 1925: synonym of Varicopeza pauxilla (A. Adams, 1855) (original combination)
  • Argyropeza melvilli Schepman, 1909: synonym of Abyssochrysos melvilli (Schepman, 1909) (original combination)
  • † Argyropeza suvaensis Ladd, 1977 : synonym of Abyssochrysos melvilli (Schepman, 1909)

References
  1. Bandel K. (2006). "Families of the Cerithioidea and related superfamilies (Palaeo-Caenogastropoda; Mollusca) from the Triassic to the Recent characterized by protoconch morphology - including the description of new taxa". Freiberger Forschungshefte C 511: 59-138. PDF.
  2. Melvill J. C. & Standen R. (1901). "The Mollusca of the Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, and Arabian Sea, as Evidenced Mainly through the Collections of Mr. F. W. Townsend, 1893-1900; with Descriptions of New Species". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2: 327-400, plates 21-24. page 371. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1901.tb08181.x.
  3. WoRMS (2010). Argyropeza Melvill & Standen, 1901. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=473011 on 2010-05-12
  4. Houbrick R. S. (1980) "Review of the deep-sea genus Argyropeza (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Cerithiidae). Smithsonian contributions to zoology 321 Washington. http://si-pddr.si.edu/dspace/handle/10088/5557
  5. Nützel A. (2002). "The late Triassic species Cryptaulax? bittneri (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Procerithiidae) and remarks on early aspects of the Mesozoic marine revolution". Paläontologische Zeitschrift 76(1): 57-63. doi:10.1007/BF02988185

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