Ashton-under-Lyne (UK Parliament constituency)

Ashton-under-Lyne is a constituency[n 1] in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. It has been represented since 2015 by Angela Rayner, who has served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party since 2020.[n 2]

Ashton under Lyne
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Outline map
Boundary of Ashton under Lyne in Greater Manchester
Outline map
Location of Greater Manchester within England
CountyGreater Manchester
Population90,484 (2011 census)[1]
Electorate68,553 (December 2010)[2]
BoroughTameside
Major settlementsAshton-under-Lyne, Failsworth, Droylsden
Current constituency
Created1832
Member of ParliamentAngela Rayner (Labour)
Seats1
Created fromLancashire

Constituency profile

Like much of Greater Manchester, Ashton was a significant hub for textile production and retains some manufacturing.[3] Incomes and house prices are lower than UK averages.[4]

Boundaries
Ashton-under-Lyne in Lancashire, boundaries used 1974-83

The constituency covers the Failsworth East, Failsworth West wards in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham and the Ashton Hurst, Ashton St. Michael's, Ashton Waterloo, Droylsden East, Droylsden West and St. Peters wards of the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside.

1832–1885: The area defined by the Ashton-under-Lyne Improvement Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. IV. c.lxxvii).[5]

1885–1918: The existing parliamentary borough, and so much of the parish of Ashton-under-Lyne included in the local government district of Hurst as was not already included in the parliamentary borough.[6]

1918–1949: The Municipal Borough of Ashton-under-Lyne, and the Urban District of Hurst.

1950–1955: The Municipal Boroughs of Ashton-under-Lyne, and Mossley; and the Rural District of Limehurst.

1955–1983: The Municipal Boroughs of Ashton-under-Lyne, and Mossley; and the Rural District of Droylsden.[7]

Members of Parliament
ElectionMember[8]Party
1832 George Williams Radical[9][10][11]
1835 Charles Hindley Radical[12][13][14]
1857 Thomas Milner Gibson Radical[15][16][17][18]
1859 Liberal
1868 Thomas Walton Mellor Conservative
1880 Hugh Mason Liberal
1885 John Addison Conservative
1895 Herbert Whiteley Conservative Also MP for Droitwich
1906 Alfred Scott Liberal
1910 Sir Max Aitken Conservative
1916 by-election Sir Albert Stanley Conservative President of the Board of Trade
1920 by-election Sir Walter de Frece Conservative Also MP for Blackpool
1924 Cornelius Homan Conservative
1928 by-election Albert Bellamy Labour President of the National Union of Railwaymen
1931 by-election John Broadbent Conservative
1935 Fred Simpson Labour President of the Railway Clerks' Association
1939 by-election Sir William Jowitt Labour later Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
1945 by-election Hervey Rhodes Labour Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade
1964 Robert Sheldon Labour Financial Secretary to the Treasury
2001 David Heyes Labour
2015 Angela Rayner Labour Deputy Leader of the Labour Party

In the 1886 election, voting resulted in a tie between incumbent John Edmund Wentworth Addison and the Liberal candidate. Under the legislation of the time, the presiding officer had a casting vote, and Addison was reelected. In the by-election of 29 October 1928, the turnout was 89.1%, a record for Great Britain. The mayor arranged for the result to be signalled by coloured rockets.[19]

Elections

Elections in the 2010s
General election 2019: Ashton-under-Lyne[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Angela Rayner 18,544 48.1 ―12.3
Conservative Dan Costello 14,281 37.0 +5.0
Brexit Party Derek Brocklehurst 3,151 8.2 New
Liberal Democrats George Rice 1,395 3.6 +2.0
Green Lee Huntbach 1,208 3.1 +1.8
Majority 4,263 11.1 ―17.3
Turnout 38,579 56.3 ―2.5
Labour hold Swing ―8.7
General election 2017: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Angela Rayner 24,005 60.4 +10.6
Conservative Jack Rankin 12,710 32.0 +9.9
UKIP Maurice Jackson 1,878 4.7 ―17.1
Liberal Democrats Carly Hicks 646 1.6 ―0.8
Green Andy Hunter-Rossall 534 1.3 ―2.6
Majority 11,295 28.4 +0.7
Turnout 39,773 58.8 +1.3
Labour hold Swing +0.4
General election 2015: Ashton-under-Lyne[21][22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Angela Rayner 19,366 49.8 +1.4
Conservative Tracy Sutton 8,610 22.1 ―2.6
UKIP Maurice Jackson 8,468 21.8 +17.4
Green Charlotte Hughes 1,531 3.9 New
Liberal Democrats Carly Hicks 943 2.4 ―12.4
Majority 10,756 27.7 +4.0
Turnout 38,918 57.5 +0.6
Labour hold Swing +2.0

UKIP originally selected Angela McManus as candidate,[23] but she changed to the Stalybridge and Hyde constituency.[24]

General election 2010: Ashton-under-Lyne[25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour David Heyes 18,604 48.4 ―10.1
Conservative Seema Kennedy 9,510 24.7 +4.6
Liberal Democrats Paul Larkin[26] 5,703 14.8 +3.2
BNP David Lomas 2,929 7.6 +1.7
UKIP Angela McManus 1,686 4.4 +2.3
Majority 9,094 23.7 ―14.0
Turnout 38,432 56.9 +5.4
Labour hold Swing ―7.3

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Elections in the 2000s
General election 2005: Ashton under Lyne[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour David Heyes 21,211 57.4 −5.1
Conservative Graeme Brown 7,259 19.6 +0.5
Liberal Democrats Les Jones 5,108 13.8 +2.0
BNP Anthony Jones 2,051 5.5 +1.0
UKIP John Whittaker 768 2.1 New
Local Community Party Jack Crossfield 570 1.5 New
Majority 13,952 37.8 -6.6
Turnout 36,967 51.3 +2.2
Labour hold Swing −2.8
General election 2001: Ashton under Lyne[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour David Heyes 22,340 62.5 −5.0
Conservative Tim Charlesworth 6,822 19.1 +0.2
Liberal Democrats Kate Fletcher 4,237 11.8 +2.1
BNP Roger Woods 1,617 4.5 New
Green Nigel Rolland 748 2.1 New
Majority 15,518 43.4 -5.2
Turnout 35,764 49.1 −16.4
Labour hold Swing −2.6

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Elections in the 1990s
General election 1997: Ashton under Lyne[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 31,919 67.5 +10.9
Conservative Richard Mayson 8,954 18.9 −12.5
Liberal Democrats Tim Pickstone 4,603 9.7 +0.5
Referendum Lorraine Clapham 1,346 2.8 New
Monster Raving Loony Prince Cymbal 458 1.0 New
Majority 22,965 48.6 +23.6
Turnout 47,280 65.5 −8.4
Labour hold Swing +11.7
General election 1992: Ashton-under-Lyne[30][31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 24,550 56.6 +4.8
Conservative John R. Pinniger 13,615 31.4 +1.1
Liberal Democrats Charles W. Turner 4,005 9.2 −8.8
Liberal Colin L. Hall 907 2.1 New
Natural Law John Brannigan 289 0.7 New
Majority 10,935 25.2 +3.7
Turnout 43,366 73.9 −0.1
Labour hold Swing +1.9

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Elections in the 1980s
General election 1987: Ashton under Lyne[32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 22,389 51.8 +2.1
Conservative Henry Cadman 13,103 30.3 −1.2
Liberal Mark Hunter 7,760 18.0 New
Majority 9,286 21.5 +3.3
Turnout 43,250 74.0 +2.4
Labour hold Swing +1.7
General election 1983: Ashton under Lyne[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 20,987 49.7 −5.0
Conservative Richard Spring 13,290 31.5 −4.5
SDP John Adler 7,521 17.8 New
Independent Dave Hallsworth 407 1.0 New
Majority 7,697 18.2 -0.5
Turnout 42,196 71.6 −5.0
Labour hold Swing −0.3

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Elections in the 1970s
General election 1979: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 24,535 54.7 +0.8
Conservative A. Fearn 16,156 36.0 +6.7
Liberal G. Taylor 3,699 8.2 −8.7
National Front D. Jones 486 1.1 New
Majority 8,379 18.7 -5.9
Turnout 44,876 76.6 +4.4
Labour hold Swing −3.0
General election October 1974: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 23,490 53.9 +5.5
Conservative M. H. Litchfield 12,763 29.3 −1.6
Liberal T. G. Jones 7,356 16.9 −3.8
Majority 10,727 24.6 +7.1
Turnout 43,609 72.2 −7.3
Labour hold Swing +3.6
General election February 1974: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 23,019 48.4 −6.1
Conservative Timothy Maxwell Aitken 14,718 30.9 −14.6
Liberal J. G. Jones 9,837 20.7 New
Majority 8,301 17.5 +8.5
Turnout 47,574 79.5 +8.1
Labour hold Swing +4.3
General election 1970: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 23,927 54.5 −4.2
Conservative Alan d'A. Fearn 19,973 45.5 +4.2
Majority 3,954 9.0 -8.4
Turnout 43,900 71.4 −2.3
Labour hold Swing −4.2

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Elections in the 1960s
General election 1966: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 24,728 58.7 +4.2
Conservative Henry Donald Moore 17,396 41.3 −4.2
Majority 7,332 17.4 +8.4
Turnout 42,124 73.7 −3.7
Labour hold Swing +4.2
General election 1964: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Sheldon 24,657 54.5 +1.7
Conservative Henry Donald Moore 20,550 45.5 −1.7
Majority 4,107 9.0 +3.4
Turnout 45,213 77.4 −3.7
Labour hold Swing +1.7

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Elections in the 1950s
General election 1959: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hervey Rhodes 25,991 52.8 +0.8
Conservative Robert Horrocks 23,239 47.2 −0.9
Majority 2,752 5.6 +1.7
Turnout 49,230 81.1 +1.0
Labour hold Swing +0.9
General election 1955: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hervey Rhodes 26,216 52.0 −0.1
Conservative Edwin Hodson 24,251 48.1 +0.1
Majority 1,965 3.9 -0.2
Turnout 50,467 80.1 −4.8
Labour hold Swing −0.1
General election 1951: Ashton under Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hervey Rhodes 21,424 52.1 +1.5
Conservative Kenneth Lewis 19,740 48.0 −0.3
Majority 1,684 4.1 +1.8
Turnout 41,164 84.9 −1.5
Labour hold Swing +0.9
General election 1950: Ashton under Lyne[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hervey Rhodes 20,970 50.6 -5.8
Conservative Gilbert Burdett Howcroft 20,046 48.3 +4.7
Communist H.H.H. Blackwell 459 1.1 New
Majority 924 2.3 -10.5
Turnout 41,475 86.4 +7.8
Labour hold Swing −8.4

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Elections in the 1940s
1945 Ashton-under-Lyne by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Hervey Rhodes 12,889 54.1 −2.3
Conservative Robert Cary 8,360 35.0 −8.6
Liberal A. Beale 2,604 10.9 New
Majority 4,529 19.1 +6.3
Turnout 23,853 70.5 −8.1
Labour hold Swing +3.2
General election 1945: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour William Jowitt 14,998 56.4 +6.2
Conservative Francis Henry Gerard Heron Goodhart 11,604 43.6 −6.2
Majority 3,394 12.8 +12.4
Turnout 26,602 78.6 −2.4
Labour hold Swing +6.2

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Elections in the 1930s
William Jowitt won the 1939 Ashton-under-Lyne by-election unopposed.
General election 1935: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Fred Simpson 14,140 50.2 +13.1
Conservative John Broadbent 14,026 49.8 −2.7
Majority 114 0.4 N/A
Turnout 28,166 81.0 −4.3
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +7.9
General election 1931: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Broadbent 15,652 52.5 +19.5
Labour John William Gordon 11,074 37.1 -7.3
Liberal James Taylor Middleton 2,696 9.0 New
New Party Charles B. Hobhouse 424 1.4 N/A
Majority 4,578 15.4 +4.0
Turnout 29,846 85.3 -0.6
Conservative hold Swing +5.1
1931 Ashton-under-Lyne by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Broadbent 12,420 44.6 +11.6
Labour John William Gordon 11,005 39.4 −5.0
New Party Allan Young 4,472 16.0 New
Majority 1,415 5.2 N/A
Turnout 27,897 80.2 −5.7
Conservative gain from Labour Swing +8.3

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Elections in the 1920s
General election 1929: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Albert Bellamy 13,170 44.4 +3.8
Unionist John Broadbent 9,763 33.0 +2.7
Liberal William Gilbert Greenwood 6,693 22.6 −6.5
Majority 3,407 11.4 +4.7
Turnout 29,626 85.9 −3.2
Labour hold Swing +0.6
1928 Ashton-under-Lyne by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Albert Bellamy 9,567 40.6 +7.8
Unionist Gordon Touche 7,161 30.3 −9.2
Liberal William Gilbert Greenwood 6,874 29.1 +1.4
Majority 2,406 10.3 N/A
Turnout 23,512 89.1 +0.8
Labour gain from Unionist Swing +8.5
General election 1924: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Cornelius Homan 8,971 39.5 +3.3
Labour Cecil Malone 7,451 32.8 +4.1
Liberal Henry Thomas Greenwood 6,692 27.7 −7.4
Majority 1,520 6.7 +5.6
Turnout 23,114 88.3 +3.0
Unionist hold Swing −0.4
General election 1923: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Walter de Frece 7,813 36.2 −21.4
Liberal Henry Thomas Greenwood 7,574 35.1 New
Labour Ellen Wilkinson 6,208 28.7 −13.7
Majority 239 1.1 −14.1
Turnout 21,595 85.3 +2.0
Unionist hold Swing N/A
General election 1922: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Walter de Frece 12,006 57.6 +14.2
Labour Tom Gillinder 8,834 42.4 +2.8
Majority 3,172 15.2 +11.5
Turnout 20,840 83.3 −1.0
Unionist hold Swing +5.7
1920 Ashton-under-Lyne by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
C Unionist Walter de Frece 8,864 43.3 −15.0
Labour William C. Robinson 8,127 39.6 New
Liberal Arthur Marshall 3,511 17.1 New
Majority 738 3.7 −12.9
Turnout 20,502 82.3 +13.9
Unionist hold Swing N/A
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

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Elections in the 1910s
General election 1918: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
C Unionist Albert Stanley 10,261 58.3 +7.2
NFDDSS Frederick Lister 7,334 41.7 New
Majority 2,927 16.6 +14.2
Turnout 17,595 68.4 -23.4
Unionist hold Swing N/A
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.
1916 Ashton-under-Lyne by-election

In the Ashton-under-Lyne By-Election of 23 December 1916, Albert Henry Stanley, Unionist was elected unopposed.

General election December 1910: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Max Aitken 4,044 51.1 +5.2
Liberal Alfred Scott 3,848 48.8 −0.5
Majority 196 2.4 N/A
Turnout 7,652 91.8 −3.6
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +3.0
General election January 1910: Ashton-under-Lyne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Alfred Scott 4,039 49.3 −7.0
Conservative Herbert Whiteley 3,746 45.9 +2.2
Independent Labour William Gee 413 5.0 New
Majority 293 3.4 −9.2
Turnout 8,198 95.4 +2.6
Liberal hold Swing −4.6

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Elections in the 1900s
Scott
General election 1906: Ashton-under-Lyne[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Alfred Scott 4,310 56.3 +20.4
Conservative Herbert Whiteley 3,342 43.7 −9.4
Majority 968 12.6 N/A
Turnout 7,652 92.8 +6.6
Registered electors 8,248
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +14.8
Whiteley
General election 1900: Ashton-under-Lyne[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Herbert Whiteley 3,545 53.1 +0.5
Liberal Ernest Albert Parkin 2,400 35.9 −5.1
Labour Repr. Cmte. James Johnston 737 11.0 New
Majority 1,145 17.2 +5.6
Turnout 6,682 86.2 −5.1
Registered electors 7,753
Conservative hold Swing +2.8

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Elections in the 1890s
Sexton
General election 1895: Ashton-under-Lyne[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Herbert Whiteley 3,434 52.6 +1.6
Liberal William Woods 2,680 41.0 −8.0
Ind. Labour Party James Sexton 415 6.4 New
Majority 754 11.6 +9.6
Turnout 6,529 91.3 −2.6
Registered electors 7,152
Conservative hold Swing +4.8
General election 1892: Ashton-under-Lyne[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Addison 3,358 51.0 +1.0
Liberal Octavius Morgan 3,223 49.0 −1.0
Majority 135 2.0 +2.0
Turnout 6,581 93.9 +0.8
Registered electors 7,012
Conservative hold Swing +1.0

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Elections in the 1880s
General election 1886: Ashton-under-Lyne[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Addison 3,050* 50.0 −0.4
Liberal Alexander Rowley[36][37] 3,049 50.0 +0.4
Majority 1 0.0 −0.8
Turnout 6,099 93.1 −2.4
Registered electors 6,553
Conservative hold Swing −0.4

* Both candidates having received 3,049 votes each, Addison was elected on the Returning Officer's casting vote.

Mason
General election 1885: Ashton-under-Lyne[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Addison 3,153 50.4 +3.8
Liberal Hugh Mason 3,104 49.6 −3.8
Majority 49 0.8 N/A
Turnout 6,257 95.5 +1.4
Registered electors 6,553
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +3.8
General election 1880: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Hugh Mason 2,966 53.4 +5.2
Conservative John Ross Coulthart[39] 2,586 46.6 −5.2
Majority 380 6.8 N/A
Turnout 5,552 94.1 +1.9
Registered electors 5,901
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +5.2

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Elections in the 1870s
General election 1874: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Walton Mellor 2,612 51.8 -0.6
Liberal Abel Buckley[40] 2,432 48.2 +0.6
Majority 180 3.6 -1.2
Turnout 5,044 92.2 +0.4
Registered electors 5,471
Conservative hold Swing

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Elections in the 1860s
General election 1868: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Thomas Walton Mellor 2,318 52.4 New
Liberal Thomas Milner Gibson 2,109 47.6 N/A
Majority 209 4.8 N/A
Turnout 4,427 91.8 N/A
Registered electors 4,822
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing N/A
General election 1865: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Thomas Milner Gibson Unopposed
Registered electors 967
Liberal hold

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Elections in the 1850s
By-election, 9 July 1859: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Thomas Milner Gibson Unopposed
Liberal hold
By-election, 27 June 1859: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Thomas Milner Gibson Unopposed
Liberal hold
General election 1859: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Thomas Milner Gibson Unopposed
Registered electors 1,081
Liberal hold
By-election, 14 December 1857: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical Thomas Milner Gibson 522 57.2 N/A
Conservative Booth Mason[41] 390 42.8 New
Majority 132 14.4 N/A
Turnout 912 84.1 N/A
Registered electors 1,085
Radical hold
  • Caused by Hindley's death.
General election 1857: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical Charles Hindley Unopposed
Registered electors 1,085
Radical hold
General election 1852: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical Charles Hindley Unopposed
Registered electors 937
Radical hold

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Elections in the 1840s
General election 1847: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical Charles Hindley Unopposed
Registered electors 871
Radical hold
General election 1841: Ashton-under-Lyne[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical Charles Hindley 303 54.4 +2.5
Conservative Jonah Harrop[42] 254 45.6 +1.6
Majority 49 8.8 +0.9
Turnout 557 78.1 +2.3
Registered electors 713
Radical hold Swing +0.5

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Elections in the 1830s
General election 1837: Ashton-under-Lyne[38][9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical Charles Hindley 237 51.9 −3.9
Conservative James Wood 201 44.0 +16.4
Chartist Rayner Stephens 19 4.2 N/A
Majority 36 7.9 −20.3
Turnout 457 75.8 +2.0
Registered electors 603
Radical hold Swing −10.2
General election 1835: Ashton-under-Lyne[38][9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical Charles Hindley 212 55.8 +12.0
Conservative Thomas William Helps 105 27.6 +18.7
Radical George Williams 63 16.6 −30.7
Majority 107 28.2 +24.7
Turnout 380 73.8 −12.1
Registered electors 515
Radical hold Swing −3.4
General election 1832: Ashton-under-Lyne[38][9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Radical George Williams 176 47.3
Radical Charles Hindley 163 43.8
Tory Thomas William Helps 33 8.9
Majority 13 3.5
Turnout 372 85.9
Registered electors 433
Radical win (new seat)

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See also

Notes
  1. A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

References
  1. "Usual Resident Population, 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  2. "Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  3. UK Polling Report http://ukpollingreport.co.uk/2015guide/ashtonunderlyne/
  4. Electoral Calculus https://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/fcgi-bin/seatdetails.py?seat=Ashton+under+Lyne
  5. "The statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 2 & 3 William IV. Cap. LXIV. An Act to settle and describe the Divisions of Counties, and the Limits of Cities and Boroughs, in England and Wales, in so far as respects the Election of Members to serve in Parliament". London: His Majesty's statute and law printers. 1832. pp. 300–383. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  6. "Chap. 23. Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885". The Public General Acts of the United Kingdom passed in the forty-eighth and forty-ninth years of the reign of Queen Victoria. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode. 1885. pp. 111–198.
  7. Craig, F.W.S., ed. (1972). Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1985-1972. Chichester, Sussex: Political Reference Publications. ISBN 0-900178-09-4.
  8. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "A" (part 3)
  9. Stooks Smith, Henry. (1973) [1844–1850]. Craig, F. W. S. (ed.). The Parliaments of England (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 175. ISBN 0-900178-13-2.
  10. Escott, Margaret (2009). "Lancashire". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
  11. Walton, John K. (1987). Lancashire: A social history, 1558-1939. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 159. ISBN 0-7190-1820-X. Retrieved 26 October 2018 – via Google Books.
  12. Fielden, John (1969). "New Introduction". In Ward, J. T. (ed.). The Curse of the Factory System (Second ed.). Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge. p. xxv. ISBN 0714613940. Retrieved 7 April 2018 – via Google Books.
  13. Vallance, Edward (2009). "The Tolpuddle Martyrs and the People's Charter". A Radical History of Britain. London: Hachette Digital. p. 1839. ISBN 9781405527774.
  14. Neuehiser, Jörg (2016). "In the Name of Inequality? Tory Radicalism, Social Protest, and Plebeian Ideas of Justice". Crown, Church and Constitution: Popular Conservatism in England, 1815-1867. Berghahn Books. p. 216. ISBN 9781785331411. Retrieved 7 April 2018 – via Google Books.
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Sources

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